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Photonics Dictionary

image centroid

Often referred to as the geometric center of a given image or image plane, the centroid of an image is a fixed point located at the intersection of all of the hyperplanes of symmetry within that image. The hyperplane of symmetry is a geometrical concept that divides a given plane into n different sub-planes, in which each sub-plane is symmetric about its given hyperplane; a single hyperplane will divide a given space into two symmetric half spaces. In image processing and other related fields, image centroids provide useful information about the average image pixel's intensities, and image orientation, and recently become one of several ad hoc estimators that can be used to estimate target angular position. It generalizes to extended targets, the usual point target angular estimators derived from four-quadrant image sensing detectors.

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