Excimer laser coronary angioplasty (ELCA) refers to a medical procedure used in the treatment of coronary artery disease. This technique involves the use of an excimer laser to perform angioplasty, a procedure designed to open narrowed or blocked coronary arteries.
Here is a breakdown of the key components and steps involved in excimer laser coronary angioplasty:
Angioplasty basics: Angioplasty is a medical procedure used to widen narrowed or obstructed blood vessels, often performed in the context of coronary artery disease. The goal is to improve blood flow to the heart muscle.
Excimer laser: An excimer laser emits ultraviolet light and is particularly effective for precise tissue ablation. In the case of ELCA, the excimer laser is used to remove or vaporize the obstructive plaque within the coronary arteries.
Catheter delivery: The excimer laser is typically delivered through a catheter, a thin and flexible tube. The catheter is threaded through the blood vessels to the site of the coronary artery blockage.
Guidance and imaging: During the procedure, imaging techniques such as angiography may be used to visualize the coronary arteries and guide the placement of the catheter to the precise location of the blockage.
Laser ablation: Once the catheter is properly positioned, the excimer laser is activated. The laser emits short pulses of high-energy ultraviolet light, which can break down and vaporize the atherosclerotic plaque that is causing the blockage.
Debulking and clearing: The laser ablation process helps to "debulk" or remove the obstructive material, allowing for better blood flow through the artery.
Potential stent placement: In some cases, after using the excimer laser, a stent may be deployed to help keep the artery open and prevent restenosis (re-narrowing).