Definition of absorption

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Photonics Dictionary

absorption: Absorption is the process by which a material takes in energy from electromagnetic radiation (such as light, heat, or sound) and converts it to other forms of energy, typically internal energy (such as heat). This process occurs when the energy of the incident radiation is transferred to the atoms or molecules of the absorbing material, causing them to increase in vibrational, rotational, or electronic energy levels.

In different contexts, absorption can refer to:

Physics and optics: The uptake of light or other electromagnetic radiation by a substance, leading to a reduction in the intensity of the transmitted radiation.

Chemistry: The process by which one substance becomes incorporated into another, such as a gas absorbed by a liquid or solid.

Biology: The process by which living organisms take in nutrients or other substances from their environment, such as the absorption of nutrients in the intestines.

In summary, absorption involves the transfer of energy from an external source into a material, where it is transformed into other forms of energy, often leading to an increase in the internal energy of the absorbing medium.

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