Definition of Laser scanning

Photonics Dictionary

Laser scanning: Laser scanning is a technology used to create precise digital representations of physical objects or environments by capturing their surface geometry and appearance. It involves directing a laser beam over the object or scene and measuring the distance to points on the surface by analyzing the time it takes for the laser pulses to return to the scanner.

The process typically involves the following steps:

Laser emission: A laser scanner emits a laser beam directed towards the object or environment to be scanned.

Reflection: The laser beam reflects off the surfaces it encounters, including objects, structures, or terrain.

Distance measurement: The scanner measures the time it takes for the laser pulses to return to the sensor, allowing for precise calculation of the distance between the scanner and each point on the surface.

Data collection: As the scanner is moved or rotated, multiple laser measurements are taken from different positions and angles, capturing the entire surface geometry of the object or scene.

Point cloud generation: The collected distance measurements are processed to create a point cloud, which is a three-dimensional representation of the object or environment composed of millions of individual points.

Data processing: Additional processing may be performed to enhance the quality of the point cloud, remove noise, and integrate color or texture information obtained from additional sensors.

Model creation: The point cloud data can be further processed to create digital models, such as meshes or solid models, suitable for visualization, analysis, or manufacturing applications.

Laser scanning is widely used in various fields, including architecture, engineering, construction, archaeology, forensics, and industrial manufacturing, due to its ability to quickly and accurately capture detailed geometric information over large areas or complex objects.