Nine manufacturers have created a multisource agreement to standardize the form factor and electrical and functional characteristics of 40-Gb/s transponder modules for fiber optic communications.Agere Systems, Agilent Technologies, Alcatel Optronics, Ericsson Microelectronics, ExceLight Communications, JDS Uniphase, Mitsubishi Electric, NEC and OpNext agreed that their optoelectronic transponders will conform to a specified set of physical, electrical and functional requirements.Transponders provide optical-to-electrical and electrical-to-optical conversion.The agreement covers a transponder design platform for very short- to long-reach networks. Commercial products are expected between 2003 and 2005.