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THz Photonic Integrated Circuit Formed

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ALBUQUERQUE, N.M., June 30, 2010 — By integrating a terahertz quantum-cascade laser and diode mixer into a monolithic solid-state transceiver, researchers at Sandia National Laboratories successfully formed a terahertz (THz) photonic integrated circuit that can provide improved control of the underutilized THz frequency. The researchers rendered unnecessary the precision alignment of optical components formerly needed to couple the laser to the detector by combining a detector and laser on the same chip to make a compact receiver. Terahertz radiation, located in the range between the microwave and far-infrared...Read full article

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    Published: June 2010
    Glossary
    astronomy
    The scientific observation of celestial radiation that has reached the vicinity of Earth, and the interpretation of these observations to determine the characteristics of the extraterrestrial bodies and phenomena that have emitted the radiation.
    breadboard
    An experimental model of an electrical circuit or complex assembly; a prototype.
    detector
    1. A device designed to convert the energy of incident radiation into another form for the determination of the presence of the radiation. The device may function by electrical, photographic or visual means. 2. A device that provides an electric output that is a useful measure of the radiation that is incident on the device.
    diode
    A two-electrode device with an anode and a cathode that passes current in only one direction. It may be designed as an electron tube or as a semiconductor device.
    electromagnetic spectrum
    The total range of wavelengths, extending from the shortest to the longest wavelength or conversely, that can be generated physically. This range of electromagnetic wavelengths extends practically from zero to infinity and includes the visible portion of the spectrum known as light.
    far-infrared
    That part of the infrared spectrum from about 30 to 1000 µm.
    microwave
    An electromagnetic wave lying within the region of the frequency spectrum that is between about 1000 MHz (1 GHz) and 100,000 MHz (100 GHz). This is equivalent to the wavelength spectrum that is between one millimeter and one meter, and is also referred to as the infrared and short wave spectrum.
    optical
    Pertaining to optics and the phenomena of light.
    quantum cascade laser
    A quantum cascade laser (QCL) is a type of semiconductor laser that operates based on the principles of quantum mechanics. It is a versatile and powerful device used for emitting coherent light in the mid-infrared to terahertz range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Quantum cascade lasers were first proposed by Federico Capasso, Jerome Faist, Deborah Sivco, Carlo Sirtori, Albert Hutchinson, and Alfred Cho in 1994. Key features and principles of quantum cascade lasers: Quantum cascade...
    receiver
    A detector and signal demodulator used in optical communications systems to receive a signal and often to translate it into an electronic signal.
    terahertz
    Terahertz (THz) refers to a unit of frequency in the electromagnetic spectrum, denoting waves with frequencies between 0.1 and 10 terahertz. One terahertz is equivalent to one trillion hertz, or cycles per second. The terahertz frequency range falls between the microwave and infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Key points about terahertz include: Frequency range: The terahertz range spans from approximately 0.1 terahertz (100 gigahertz) to 10 terahertz. This corresponds to...
    transmitter
    In fiber optic communications, a light source whose beam can be modulated and sent along an optical fiber, and the electronics that support it.
    wavelength
    Electromagnetic energy is transmitted in the form of a sinusoidal wave. The wavelength is the physical distance covered by one cycle of this wave; it is inversely proportional to frequency.
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