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Crazy for Quantum Communications

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Karen A. Newman, [email protected]

“If anybody says he can think about quantum physics without getting giddy, that only shows he has not understood the first thing about them.” – Niels Bohr

Prepare to get your “giddy” on. Photonics Media goes quantum this month, with an exciting article in this issue as well as a webinar scheduled for Feb. 16 that will feature a presentation on the subject by MIT professor Jeffrey H. Shapiro.

Advances in detectors and sources have brought quantum communication to the brink of commercial rollout, according to contributing editor Hank Hogan, but he cautions that technical issues remain, including increasing transmission distance or building a quantum repeater – and these must be worked out.

“Photonics plays a key role in this technology,” Hogan writes, “thanks to the ability to impose a quantum state on particles of light and to detect that state at a point many miles away.” Although there is a clear need for the technology, questions linger about the commercial viability of quantum key distribution, the most ready application. Read the article “Quantum Communication Is Ready for Its Close-Up,” beginning on page 44.

On Feb. 16, Photonics Media will present a webinar focused on photonics in communication, featuring Shapiro, the Julius A. Stratton Professor of Electrical Engineering at MIT. His research interests center on the application of communication theory to optical systems. He is best known for his work on the generation, detection and application of squeezed-state light beams, but he also has published extensively in the areas of atmospheric optical communication, coherent laser radar and quantum information science.

“Recent development of nonclassical light sources – whose photodetection statistics require the use of quantum theory – plus increasing interest in optics-based approaches to quantum information processing, necessitates a thorough understanding of the similarities and distinctions between the semiclassical and quantum theories of optical communication,” Shapiro said.

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In 2008, he was co-recipient of the Quantum Electronics Award from the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (now the IEEE Photonics Society) and also received the Quantum Communication Award for Theoretical Research from Tamagawa University of Japan.

Shapiro’s webinar presentation, “The Quantum Theory of Optical Communications,” offers what he describes as “a brief primer” on the topic, for which no prior knowledge of quantum optics is required.

To register for the webinar, go to photonics.com.

As Edmund Optics rolled out its 70th anniversary commemoration, the industry paused to remember the company’s founder, Norman W. Edmund. News of Edmund’s death came in mid-January. Back in October 2006, Photonics Media carried an item about the company that talked about its early days:

“In 1942, after Norman W. Edmund had a hard time finding a lens he needed, he did what any amateur photographer would do: He decided to publish a surplus optics catalog. A year later, the first Edmund catalog was mailed, targeted to hobbyists and educators.”

Read more about Edmund’s life and company, and his impact on the industry, on page 38.

Published: February 2012
Glossary
nano
An SI prefix meaning one billionth (10-9). Nano can also be used to indicate the study of atoms, molecules and other structures and particles on the nanometer scale. Nano-optics (also referred to as nanophotonics), for example, is the study of how light and light-matter interactions behave on the nanometer scale. See nanophotonics.
quantum key distribution
Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a method of secure communication that utilizes principles from quantum mechanics to establish a shared secret key between two parties, typically referred to as Alice and Bob, while detecting any potential eavesdropping attempts by a third party, commonly known as Eve. The fundamental principle behind QKD is the use of quantum properties, such as the superposition principle and the no-cloning theorem, to enable the distribution of cryptographic keys in a...
quantum optics
The area of optics in which quantum theory is used to describe light in discrete units or "quanta" of energy known as photons. First observed by Albert Einstein's photoelectric effect, this particle description of light is the foundation for describing the transfer of energy (i.e. absorption and emission) in light matter interaction.
quantum repeater
A quantum repeater is a crucial component in quantum communication networks, designed to extend the range over which quantum information can be transmitted. Quantum information, typically carried by quantum bits (qubits), is extremely fragile and can easily be corrupted by noise or loss during transmission. In classical communication, repeaters (amplifiers) are used to boost signals over long distances, but the direct amplification of quantum signals is not possible due to the no-cloning...
Americasatmospheric optical communicationsBasic Sciencecoherent laser radarcommunication theory and optical systemsCommunicationsEditorialEdmund OpticsHank HoganJeffery H. ShapiroKaren A. Newmannanononclassical light sourcesNorman W. Edmundphotonics in communicationquantum communicationsquantum information sciencequantum key distributionquantum opticsquantum physicsquantum repeaterQuantum Theory of Optical Communications webinarSensors & Detectorssqueezed-state light beams

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