Photonics Dictionary: C

Conversion of vibratory energy into heat that is observed in the rubbing of two dry surfaces over each other.

The scattering of charged particles, moving through matter, by the electrostatic force exerted by other charged particles.

The quantity (C) of electricity transported in one second by a current of one ampere.

An efficient, readily soluble blue-green laser dye.

The concave portion of a surface, formed on a blank, on which the disk of higher refractive glass will be fused to form a multifocal spectacle lens.

In microscopy, the chamber that is contained on a microscope slide to hold a certain amount of fluid. It is calibrated accurately to determine the number of cells and other elements while the...

A rangefinder on a camera that is integrated with the focusing mechanism so that when an object's range is determined, the camera is automatically in focus.

1. In color development, the chemical that combines with certain by-products of the development procedure to form a dye. 2. Device for distributing optical power among two or more ports. 3. Device...

The fraction of available output from a radiant source that is coupled and transmitted by an optical fiber.

A crystal formed by covalent bonds that are generally highly directional by nature. The electric characteristics of these crystals classify them as semiconductors.

A technique used in integrated optics where a groove is cut on a substrate surface and covered by a thin film to facilitate the construction of filters, resonators, beamsplitters and grating couplers...

A coverslip, also known as a cover glass or cover slip, is a thin and flat piece of transparent material typically made of glass or plastic. It is used in microscopy to cover a specimen mounted on a...

Observed when alterations in the luminous sterance at the contour of an object create the illusion of the outer zones appearing darker than the inner regions, despite the consistent luminance of the...

A glow-discharge tube in which the discharge takes place in the conical or crater-shaped depression at one end of the tube.

A high-quality focuser that uses rollers rather than gears and offers smooth, precise motion while reducing or eliminating image shift and backlash.

The deformation of a material at high levels of stress, often associated with elevated temperatures.

Cresyl violet, also known as cresyl violet acetate or cresyl echt violet, is a synthetic organic compound belonging to the class of triarylmethane dyes. It is commonly used in histology and...

The breaking of the excess glass from the specified shape.

A crimped metal cylinder that holds the connector to the cable through the cable's strength member.

That wavelength at which the absorption of a given element or system begins to demonstrate an inconstant value.

The least angle of incidence at which total internal reflection takes place. The angle of incidence in a denser medium, at an interface between the denser and less dense medium, at which the light is...

In an optical system, the aperture size at which the lens gives its best overall performance.

Relative to a light source, the frequency at which the source appears to fluctuate in light intensity half the time and remains constant during the other half.

The fusion frequency of flicker that is needed just to produce complete fusion and to assure the visual sensation of continuous illumination measured in cycles per second.

Illumination in which the light source is imaged at the object.

Intense scattering in the region of the liquid-gas critical point. At this point the gas will strongly scatter all light to create a vivid opalescent appearance.

Recombination of only the light that is correctly dispersed by the first stage of a polychromator through its wide intermediate slit (common during Thomson scattering experimentation), which is...

A positioning slide mechanism with two rows of alternately crisscrossed cylindrical rollers.