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8,726 terms

Photonics Dictionary

lithium triborate nonlinear crystal

Lithium triborate, commonly abbreviated as LBO, is a nonlinear optical crystal widely used in various applications involving frequency conversion of laser light. It is valued for its excellent...

lithography

Lithography is a key process used in microfabrication and semiconductor manufacturing to create intricate patterns on the surface of substrates, typically silicon wafers. It involves the transfer of...

Littrow prism

A 30-60-90° spectrograph prism that is coated on the surface opposite the 60° angle with a reflecting film.

Littrow spectrograph

A spectrograph using a prism that has an internally reflecting surface and that serves as a constant deviation prism.

LLDPE

linear low-density polyethylene

LLL

low light level

LLLTV

low-light-level television

Lloyd's mirror

A mirror employed with a very high incidence angle to form a pair of coherent light sources by reflection, and therefore forming interference bands.

LLR

lunar laser ranging

lumen

lm/s

lumens per second

LMJ

laser megajoule

LMR

laser magnetic resonance

logarithm to the base e

LN (LN₂)

liquid nitrogen

LNA

launch numerical aperture; low-noise amplifier

longitudinal optical; local oscillator

LOA

laser optoacoustic

LOC

large optical cavity

local area network

Data communications network in a clearly defined geographical location, and extending no more than a few miles in length. It generally takes in an office building or group of buildings, a campus or...

local injection detection system

A device used to evaluate the quality of fiber optic splices made in the field by injecting light into the cladding of the fiber and measuring the output at the other end of the splice.

local oscillator laser

In coherent optical communications systems, a laser used at the receiving end to produce a steady wave that is combined with the incoming laser signal before detection, generating a composite wave...

lock-in amplifier

A lock-in amplifier is a specialized electronic instrument used to extract and measure small signals embedded in noise or interference. It is particularly useful in fields such as spectroscopy,...

LOCLED

low-operating-current light-emitting diode

log

logarithm to the base 10

log converter

A device designed to convert linear change in the light state at input to log data at output.

logarithmic transformation

One class of nonlinear space-invariant transformation processes used for processing convolved and multiplied signals.

logic circuit

A computer circuit that supplies the action of problem-solving functions or operations.

logic diagram

A diagram that uses special symbols called logic symbols to represent the detailed functioning of electronic logic circuits. The symbols do not represent the type of electronics used, but only their...

logic-to-light device

A fiber optic component or system designed in such a way that it can be operated by people without specialized knowledge of the field.

LOM

laminated object manufacturing

LOMO

Leningrad Optical Mechanical Organization

London equations

The partial differential equations for the spatial and time dependence of electric and magnetic fields inside a semiconductor. They are the analog of Maxwell's equations, which apply to the electric...

long-pass filter

A long-pass filter is an optical filter that allows longer wavelengths of light to pass through while blocking or attenuating shorter wavelengths. These filters are designed to transmit light with a...

long-path absorption spectroscopy

The method that, by measuring the absorption along an atmospheric path at wavelengths ranging from two to a continuum, can determine pollution concentrations of gases.

long-wave infrared

Long-wave infrared (LWIR) refers to a specific range of the infrared spectrum. Infrared radiation is divided into three main categories based on wavelength: near-infrared (NIR), mid-wave infrared...

long-wave pass filter

A filter that is transparent to longer wavelengths but opaque to shorter wavelengths.

long-wavelength system

In fiber optic communications systems, generally one that operates between 1000 and 1700 nm.

longitudinal field modulator

Pockels cell or dynamic optical retarder in which the electrical field is applied in a direction parallel to that of light passing through it.

longitudinal magnification -> magnification

The ratio of the size of the image of an object to that of the object. The ratio of the linear size of the image to that of the object is lateral magnification. Angular magnification is the ratio of...

longitudinal mode

A waveform that can oscillate along the length of the laser cavity.

longitudinal offset loss -> gap loss

The optical power loss caused by a space between axially aligned fibers.

longitudinal pumping

A dye laser cell configuration in which the dye flows in the direction of the axis of the laser, yielding symmetrical energy distribution but small repetition rates.

lookup table

In image processing, the memory that stores the values for the point processes. Input pixel values are those for the original image, while output values are those displayed on the monitor as altered...

looming

A form of mirage where objects near or just below the horizon appear in enlarged or distorted form because of atmospheric refraction. The glow in the sky caused by the presence of light below the...

loose-tube buffering

In fiber optic cable, containment of the fiber or fibers within an outer protective tube in which they can move to some extent. The interstices usually are filled with an insulating material. See...

Lorentz force

The force acting upon a charged particle as it moves in a magnetic field, proportional to the particle's charge and velocity.

Lorentz oscillator model

The Lorentz oscillator model is a theoretical model used in physics to describe the response of a charged particle (such as an electron) to an oscillating electric field. It is particularly employed...

LOROP

long-range oblique photography

LOS

line of sight

Photonics Dictionary

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