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8,726 terms

Photonics Dictionary

laser surgery

Laser surgery refers to a medical procedure in which a laser, or focused beam of light, is used as a precision tool to cut, vaporize, coagulate, or otherwise modify tissues for therapeutic or...

laser texturing

Laser texturing is a manufacturing process that involves using a laser beam to selectively modify the surface of a material, creating textures, patterns, or microstructures. This technique is...

laser trapping

A technique for confining atoms, molecules or small particles within one or more laser beams. This can be accomplished through the use of a single focused beam or multiple intersecting beams. With a...

laser triangulation

A technique that uses a solid-state laser and a detector to determine an object's relative distance to the system. The laser beam is projected onto the target and then reflected onto a detector...

laser trimming

The use of lasers in tailoring of such components as thin-film resistors. The process improves speed and accuracy.

laser tube

The device, usually made of glass or a similar material, that contains the resonant cavity and optics of a gas laser.

laser tweezers

A technique based on the principles of laser trapping and used to manipulate the position of small particles by gradually changing the position of the laser beam or beams once the particles are...

laser velocimeter

A system that uses a continuous-wave laser to measure the velocity of an object by focusing the laser beam on the object, perpendicular to its direction of motion. An optical grating receives...

laser velocimeter signal detection

The variation of the electronically detected signal with respect to the scaled version of the classical optical signal incident on the photomultiplier tube.

laser viewing cards

Laser viewing cards, also known as laser alignment cards or laser safety cards, are specialized cards or sheets designed to visualize laser beams or assist in aligning optical equipment while...

laser welder

A system that uses the heat from a pulsed laser to weld metals. Because of the rapidity and localization in which the welding takes place, metals of vastly dissimilar melting points can be welded...

laser, gas -> gas laser

One of the first lasers to find practical application. Generally, the pumping mechanism is an electric discharge, although some high-power forms employ chemical reaction or gas compression and...

laser

A laser, which stands for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation," is a device that produces coherent and focused beams of light through the process of optical amplification based...

laser-excited Shpol'skii spectroscopy

A type of fluorescence spectroscopy in which an excimer laser, a dye laser and a frequency-doubling device are used to detect polycyclic hydrocarbon atoms to a part-per-billion level.

laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an analytical technique that uses a high-powered laser pulse to ablate a small amount of material from a sample, creating a plasma. This plasma emits...

laser-induced cut and patch

A process used in the design, repair and customization of integrated circuits. A low-power laser etches a silicon wafer placed inside a gas-filled vacuum chamber, initiating a chemical reaction.

laser-induced damage -> laser damage

A natural or mechanical system adversely affected by the influence of laser radiation. During laser damage the common effect of the radiation on the surface of interest is heat accumulation due to...

laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy

A pump-probe technique whereby a single wavelength source may be used in order to excite a given sample to determine electronic transitions.

laser-induced fluorescence

Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is a spectroscopic technique that involves using a laser to excite molecules or atoms, leading to their emission of fluorescence light. This technique is widely used...

laser-light-scattering photometer

A scattering photometer using scattered light in the solid angle 4.51+0 19° with respect to the forward direction, and an impactor with a rectangular jet. Scattered light intensities of entering...

laser-mediated gene transfer

Laser-mediated gene transfer refers to a technique in molecular biology and genetic engineering that utilizes lasers to introduce genetic material into cells. This method is a type of gene delivery...

laser-triggered switching

A process by which the ionizing capabilities of a laser beam are used to break initiate conduction between pairs of electrodes charged below the self-breakdown voltage of the insulating medium.

laserblade scalpel

A contact tip made of artificial sapphire (AlO2) that allows surgeons to use laser power to cut and coagulate tissue simultaneously.

lasercaving

A machining process that uses a laser to cut three-dimensional molds or models.

laserstrobe

A stroboscopelike apparatus that uses a copper vapor laser to illuminate an object for very short time periods (about 30 ns).

lasik

laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis

lasing medium

The material that produces stimulated emission from within a laser oscillator. Laser gain media may vary from extended-length glass fibers to submicron-length semiconductor material.

lasing threshold

The lowest excitation power level at which a laser's output is mainly the result of stimulated emission rather than spontaneous emission.

LASS

laser-activated silicon switch; laser spark spectroscopy

LASSO

laser search and secure observer

LATD

large-area transmission density

latency

Latency is the time interval between the stimulation or input of a system and the response or output. It is a measure of the time delay experienced in a system, network, or process. Latency can occur...

latensification

A short term for latent image intensification, a process much like hypersensitizing in photography, but used after exposure and before development of the negative.

latent image

The pattern of physical or chemical changes that has taken place in a photographic emulsion, by its exposure to light, that will form a visible image when the emulsion is developed. Also known as...

lateral color

Lens aberration resulting in image size variation as a function of wavelength. See also chromatic aberration.

lateral effects detector

A set of photodiodes with no gaps between them that can sense the displacement of a spot of light anywhere on the sensing area.

lateral extensometer

An extensometer used to measure deformations in the thickness of a plate caused by tension, compression or other stress.

lateral load test

A method of measuring microbending losses in optical fiber by sandwiching a length of fiber between two parallel plates, with 150-grit sandpaper on the bottom plate. Different weights are placed on...

lateral magnification -> magnification

The ratio of the size of the image of an object to that of the object. The ratio of the linear size of the image to that of the object is lateral magnification. Angular magnification is the ratio of...

lateral mode

In a diode laser, a mode in the plane of the active layer that is perpendicular to the direction of the emitted beam.

lateral offset loss

A power loss caused by transverse or lateral deviation from optimum alignment of source to optical waveguide, waveguide to waveguide, or waveguide to detector.

lateral shearing interferometer

A lateral shearing interferometer is an optical device used in interferometry to measure phase differences between two beams of light. Interferometry is a technique that combines and analyzes...

lateral vision

The perception of visual stimuli at the left and right outer boundaries of the visual field.

lateral wave

Light generated along the interface when light is incident in the neighborhood of the total internal reflection angle.

lattice

In photonics, a lattice refers to a periodic arrangement of optical elements or structures, often on a microscopic or nanoscopic scale. These optical lattices can be created using various techniques...

lattice constant

A length that denotes the size of the unit cell in a crystal lattice. With respect to the cubic crystal, this is the length of the side of the unit cell. However, a simple definition of the term is...

lattice energy

With respect to the crystal, the decrease in energy that follows the process whereby the ions, separated from each other by an infinite distance, are brought to their locations in the stable lattice....

Laue pattern

The photographic record of the diffracted beams formed when heterogeneous x-rays emerging from a pinhole or slit impinge upon one crystal.

launch angle

The angle between the light input propagation vector and the optical axis of an optical fiber or fiber bundle.

launch numerical aperture

The numerical aperture of an optical system used to couple (launch) power into an optical waveguide.

Photonics Dictionary

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