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8,236 terms
Photonics Dictionary
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IRCCD
infrared charge-coupled device
IRCM
infrared countermeasure
IRE
infrared endoscope; Institute of Radio Engineers
IRED
infrared-emitting diode
iridescence
The rainbow exhibition of colors, usually caused by interference of light of different wavelengths reflected from superficial layers in the surface of a material.
IRIS
infrared intelligent spectro-radiometer; infrared interferometer spectrometer
iris diaphragm
A mechanical device designed to smoothly vary the effective diameter of a lens, thereby controlling the amount of light allowed through.
iris
The adjustable membrane located just in front of the crystalline lens within the eye. The iris gives the eye its color. See also iris diaphragm.
IRLD
infrared laser diode
irradiance
Radiant flux incident per unit area of a surface. Also called radiant flux density.
irradiated cross-linked polyolefin
A thermosetting material used in the jacket of fiber optic cables.
irradiation
Application of radiation to an object.
ISA
Instrument Society of America
ISDN
integrated services digital network
ISDP
integrated signal and data processor
Ishihara test
->
color perception test equipment
Equipment for testing an observer's color vision. Some tests require the identification or ordering of colored samples. The commercially available examples include: the Ishihara plates, on which...
ISIT
intensified silicon intensifier target
ISO
International Standards Organization
isobar
One of a number of nuclides characterized by an identity between their mass numbers, but each having a different atomic number.
isocandela diagram
Indication of emission brightness with degree of emission from an optical source.
isochromatic
Having the same chromaticity or color.
isochromatic lines
1. Lines of the same color. 2. A term used in photoelastic stress analysis to refer to the interference fringes produced in birefringent materials.
isocon
->
image isocon
A television camera tube that preceded the development of the vidicon tube and incorporated a method to separate reflected and scattered portions of the return beam so that only the scattered...
isodensities
The points on a photographic negative that are of equal density.
isodivs
A graphic depiction of the loci of all points in space relative to a laser transmitter at a specific altitude.
isogyric curves
With respect to the effect of crystals on lightwaves, the family of curves having constant direction of polarization.
isolator
In the context of electronics and optics, an isolator refers to a device that allows the transmission of signals in one direction while attenuating or blocking signals in the opposite direction. The...
isoperibol enclosure
An enclosure for a calorimeter that allows measurement of unusually low quantities of power and energy.
isophote
A curve or surface having equivalent light intensity.
isophotometer
A direct recording photometer that is designed to scan a photographic negative to determine its points of isodensity.
isoplanatic
Free of coma.
isopreference curves
Graphic representation of quantified values of image quality whose points all refer to images that are of a constant subjective quality.
isosorbs
Lines of equal atmospheric attenuation in a laser beam.
isotemperature line
->
correlated color temperature
Temperature of the blackbody having chromaticity nearest to that of the test source on a specified chromaticity diagram.
isoth
isothermal
isotope shift
The slight difference in wavelength of an element's given spectral line observed in comparing different isotopes of that element.
isotopically selected laser spectroscopy
A spectroscopic technique in which an excitation band absorbs laser energy resulting in an electronic transition. The isotopic species may then be measured using a time of flight mass spectrometer....
isotropic
That property of a material that determines that velocity of propagation within the material is the same for all directions.
ISTM
International Society of Testing and Materials
ITO
indium tin oxide
ITU
International Telecommunications Union
IU
international unit
IUPAC
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
IVPO
inside vapor-phase oxidation
J
joule
J-T
Joule-Thomson
jacket
The outer material that surrounds and protects the buffered and unbuffered fibers in an optical cable.
Jacquinot advantage
The higher throughput obtained with an FTIR device compared with traditional spectrometers that need slits to achieve resolution. The advantage differs according to wave number and resolution.
Jamin refractometer
An instrument designed to measure the index of refraction of a gas by the interference patterns formed by two beams, one of which passes through a vacuum tube in which the gas is slowly released.
Jansky noise
Phrase applied to any noise of extraterrestrial origin, named for the engineer who discovered the phenomenon.
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