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8,726 terms

Photonics Dictionary

hard coating

Usually a dielectric coating on glass or plastic optics; a coating that is comparable in hardness to glass itself.

hard copy

Text or images printed on paper or another tangible medium, as opposed to those viewed electronically on a cathode-ray-tube screen.

hard elastics

High-modulus elastic fibers that exhibit the following differences from conventional elastic fibers: Increasing temperature decreases recovery force (the fibers are enthalpic vs. conventionally...

hard seal

The process of sealing laser components by means of frit seals, welding or bonding rather than using epoxy.

hard tube -> high-vacuum tube

An electron tube whose electrical characteristics will not be affected by gaseous ionization because of its high degree of evacuation. Also known as a hard tube.

hard x-ray

A type of x-ray that is capable of deep penetration; its wavelength is about 10-8 cm.

hard-clad silica fiber

A type of optical fiber in which a silica core is surrounded by a hard polymer or similar material much stronger than the customary cladding material.

hardness

In the most general sense, the resistance of a solid surface to damage.

harmonic generation

Harmonic generation refers to a nonlinear optical process in which incoming photons interact with a material and produce new photons at integer multiples of the frequency of the incoming photons....

harmonic wave analyzer

An instrument designed to calculate the amplitude and phase of the different harmonic elements of a radiation wave utilizing a graph of the wave.

Harting Dove prism

A direct-vision prism made in one piece that can be used only in parallel light.

Hartmann formula -> dispersion formula

All formulas that present the index of refraction as a function of a wavelength of electromagnetic radiation. Also called dispersion equation, Cauchy formula, Hartmann formula.

Hartmann test

A test for spherical aberration, coma or astigmatism in which incident rays from a point source are isolated by small holes in a metal disc located close to the lens or mirror under test....

HASS

highly accelerated stress screen

HAZ

heat-affected zone

haze

An aggravated form of fog in a polished surface caused by the scattering of light. The defects causing haze are larger than those causing fog, but singly are not large enough to be seen by the...

haze factor

The ratio between the luminescence of an object and the luminescence of the scattering medium through which it is being viewed.

haze filter

A filter, used in photography, that absorbs the ultraviolet and extreme blue violet radiation scattered by atmospheric haze.

HB-LED

high-brightness LED

HBS

holographic beam sampler

HBW

half bandwidth

HCCD

high-performance CCD

HCG

high-index-contrast subwavelength grating

HCMM

heat capacity mapping mission

HCN

hydrogen cyanide

HCS

hard-clad silica

half duplex

HDA

head-disc assembly

HDSL

high-bit-rate digital subscriber loop

HDTV

high-definition TV

HDVS

high-definition video systems

HDWDM

high-density wavelength division multiplex

HE₁₁ mode

Designation for the fundamental mode of an optical fiber.

HEA

high-efficiency antireflection

head-up display

A head-up display (HUD) is a transparent display technology that presents information directly in the field of view of a user, typically without requiring the user to look away from their usual...

HEAO

high-energy astronomy observatory

heat affected zone

The heat-affected zone (HAZ) refers to the portion of a material, typically metal, that experiences changes in its microstructure and mechanical properties due to the heat generated during welding,...

heat equation

A calorimetric calculation from which the temperature vs. time dependence of any point on a sample can be determined, provided surface and bulk absorption, thermal conductivity and heat transfer...

heat exchanger

A type of cooling system in which one fluid is used to carry heat off another without direct contact between the two.

heat filter -> heat-transmitting filter

A filter that allows heat radiation from an incident beam to pass without absorption or reflection.

heat lamp

A lamp designed to emit a large amount of infrared radiation; used in applications requiring heat.

heat sink

A heat sink for a laser is a device designed to absorb and dissipate the excess heat generated by the laser during operation. This is crucial to maintain the laser's performance, prevent overheating,...

heat treating

The process of subjecting glass to temperature cycling to produce physico-chemical reactions that alter its properties. Similar processes can be accomplished with a laser -- most commonly a CO2,...

heat wave

In reference to infrared, emissions that are like radio waves but that have a higher frequency.

heat-absorbing filter

A glass filter that transmits visible light while absorbing infrared energy (heat).

heat-resistant glass

Glass that has been specially treated so that it will not shatter when exposed to high temperatures followed by immediate and rapid cooling.

heat-transmitting filter

A filter that allows heat radiation from an incident beam to pass without absorption or reflection.

heatseeker

A guided missile that uses an infrared sensor to detect and home in on an enemy target. The missile is guided by the high infrared emissions produced by a target, such as the heat from an aircraft or...

heavy seeds

A condition in which the solid inclusions within a glass blank are very numerous, such as 25 or more to the square inch.

HEBS

high energy beam sensitive

Photonics Dictionary

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