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8,289 terms
Photonics Dictionary
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FIFO
first in/first out
figure tolerance
The allowable departure from the given figure or geometrical form. It may be described in terms of fringes or wavelengths.
figure
In optics, the geometrical form of an optical surface.
figuring
The process whereby the shape of an optical surface is altered by polishing.
filament emission
The freeing of electrons from a filament in an electron tube as the result of the filament being heated by an electric current.
filar eyepiece
A measuring eyepiece with a screw-micrometer-driven crosshair used to measure the size of the image.
fill factor
In solar energy technology, the percent of usable land covered by collectors. The horizontal collector is the only design that exhibits 100 percent fill factor.
fill ratio
The ratio of active to inactive areas on a pixel.
film plane
The site behind the lens system in a camera where photographic media are positioned for exposure.
film platen
A mechanism in a camera designed to position the film in the focal plane for exposure.
film reader
A device used to scan images or information on photographic film for the subsequent relay of information.
film recorder
An instrument designed to place nongraphic information, usually generated by a computer, onto photographic film. The information is generally encoded as a series of opaque and translucent spots, or...
film scanning
The process by which the light from the images of photographic film is encoded into electrical signals for video transmission.
film thickness gauge
An interferometer spectrometer designed to measure thicknesses of thin films or layers by recording the interferogram and by having a computer within the instrument to establish the distance between...
film weld
The butt (edge to edge) splice of two pieces of film produced by a heat splicer that melts the edges together; used in editing motion picture film.
filovirus
Filoviruses are a family of viruses that are responsible for severe and often fatal hemorrhagic fevers in humans and non-human primates. The name "filovirus" is derived from their filamentous...
filter
1. With respect to radiation, a device used to attenuate particular wavelengths or frequencies while passing others with relatively no change. 2. See digital filter.
filter factor
The necessary increase of a photograph's exposure time as the result of the additional absorption of light by the filter being used.
filter grating
A grating used as a reflectance filter, particularly in the far-infrared. Small plane gratings, blazed for the wavelength of the unwanted radiation, are produced for this purpose.
filter kernal
A function used in a convolution filtering operation. The image to be filtered is convolved with the filtering kernel to obtain the enhanced image.
filter spectrophotometer
A spectrophotometer that makes use of filters to isolate narrow bands of the spectrum.
filter wheel
A device that holds a number of filters and allows the filter with the desired characteristics to be rotated into an optical aperture.
finderscope
A low-power telescope with a wide field of view, typically attached to a higher power telescope with a narrower field of view. This enables an observer to locate a celestial object with the...
finesse
For a Fabry-Perot interferometer or etalon, a value for the transmission bandwidth which can be calculated as the ratio of the free spectral range to the full width half maximum of the transmission...
fingerprint camera
A fixed-focus camera designed to record the ink impression of fingerprints that have been impressed on a card or form for record purposes.
fining
A grinding process that employs fine emery.
finite sampling theorem
A finite version of Shannon's sampling theorem that states that a class of functions can be reconstructed exactly by a sufficient number of spectral samples; the reconstructed function is an explicit...
FIR
full indicator reading; far-infrared
fire cracks
Small clefts or fissures that penetrate the glass surface in the form of short-hooked crescents. Fire cracks result from a sudden excessive change in temperature.
first principal point
The principal point of a lens relative to the object space.
first window
The spectral transmission window in silica-based fibers between 830 and 850 nm.
first-order optics
->
Gaussian optics
1. That branch of optics that illustrates the theory in which q is substituted for sin q in Snell's law. Effective results are achieved if the aperture and field angle are made very small. The...
first-order spectrum
The separate spectral lines formed by a diffraction grating that are characterized by one wavelength difference in path length between adjacent slits.
first-order theory
->
Gaussian optics
1. That branch of optics that illustrates the theory in which q is substituted for sin q in Snell's law. Effective results are achieved if the aperture and field angle are made very small. The...
first-side meniscus
The process of grinding the concave surface of a single-vision spherical lens.
first-side toric
The process of grinding the toric surface of a single vision sphero-cylindrical lens.
first-surface mirror
->
front-surface mirror
An optical reflector with the reflective coating applied to the front surface of the substrate. This eliminates the ghost image formed with second-surface mirrors.
FIRT
far-infrared transmission
FIS
fluoro-immunosensor
FISH
fluorescence in situ hybridization
FIT
fast ion transport; flexible infrared transmission
FITL
fiber in the loop
fixed axis of rotation
The locus of points in a system along a line that remains stationary while the remainder of the system rotates.
fixed focus
Describes devices that are not provided with a means of focusing.
fixed-pattern noise
Fixed-pattern noise is the measure of the static (nontemporal) differences between pixels when the detector is evenly illuminated. In microbolometers, this effect is mostly caused by mismatch between...
Fizeau fringes
Fizeau fringes are interference fringes observed in an interferometer, specifically in a Fizeau interferometer. The Fizeau interferometer is named after the French physicist Armand Fizeau, who...
Fizeau interferometer
A Fizeau interferometer is an interferometric device that uses the principle of interference to measure the surface flatness and quality of optical components. It consists of a light source,...
Fizeau toothed wheel
A device used to measure the speed of light by adjusting the rotation of a toothed wheel so that light passing through one tooth opening is reflected through the next. This device has since been...
FKE
Franz-Keldysh effect
FLAIR
fiber-linked array image formatter
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Photonics Dictionary
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