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8,726 terms

Photonics Dictionary

effective aperture

1. That portion of the aperture that functions to collect energy and deliver it to the final system detector. 2. For an obscured or noncircular aperture, the equivalent nonobscured, circular aperture.

effective beam

In photoelectric sensing, the portion of the transmitted beam that actually functions in the system; the diameter of the beam that determines the presence or absence of an object by being blocked or...

effective color

The color of an object when it is illuminated by a nonisophotic source.

effective data rate

A characterization of the throughput performance of data storage systems; the EDR is the total of data retrieved divided by the total time it takes to retrieve it, expressed as megabytes per second.

effective focal length -> focal length

The focal length of a lens is the distance between the lens's optical center (or principal point) and the image sensor or film when the lens is focused at infinity. In simple terms, it is the...

effective numerical aperture

The real numerical aperture (NA) of a fiber when the computed NA is not valid because of change in the glass indices during drawing and fusion.

efficiency

As applied to a device or machine, the ratio of total power input to the usable power output of the device.

EFG

edge-defined film-fed growth

EFL

effective focal length; equivalent focal length

EFP

electronic field production

EFPI

extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer

EFS

extrafield sensitivity

EFTA

European Free Trade Area

EGA

enhanced graphic adapter

EGD

electrogas dynamics

egg-crating

A weight reducing method whereby material from the rear of a reflector is removed leaving a pattern of ribs normal to the surface in an egg-crate pattern.

EGM

erbium gain module

EHD

electrohydrodynamics

EHF

extremely high frequency

EHP

electron-hole pair

exposure index

EIA

Electronic Industries Alliance

eikonometer

A scale attached to a microscope eyepiece that is seen superimposed on the image and that is used to measure the dimensions of the viewed object.

EIL

electron injection laser

einstein

A unit of energy equal to the amount of energy absorbed by one molecule of material undergoing a photochemical reaction, as determined by the Stark-Einstein law.

Einstein coefficients

Three proportional coefficients labeled Am, Bmn, and Bnm, that respectively characterize the rate of spontaneous emission, induced emission, and absorption of radiation by an atom, ion or molecule.

Einstein shift

A shift in the direction of the red in the spectral lines of light which, defined by the relativity theory, will have decreased frequencies upon emerging from a highly gravitational field.

elevation angle

electroluminescent

EL-PC

electroluminescent-photoconductive

elastic scattering

Scattering caused by the interaction between ingoing and outgoing particles of the same type, with no loss of kinetic energy.

elasto-optic effect

A change in the refractive index of an optical fiber caused by variation in the length of the fiber core in response to mechanical stress.

elastomer

Any material of a macromolecular nature that can stretch at room temperature to more than twice its length and return to approximately its original shape when stress is released.

elaterite

The organic inclusion in quartz crystal that forms delicate films and microspheres and that shows a maximum absorption at 450 nm.

elbow telescope

A refracting telescope that uses a prism to bend the line of sight 90°.

ELD

electroluminescent diode

elec

electric

electric arc -> arc discharge

The electric arc that is a particular discharge between two electrodes in a gas or vapor which is characterized by high cathode densities and a low voltage drop.

electric CO laser

An electrically excited laser having carbon monoxide as the lasing material and in which lasing occurs in a partial inversion between adjacent, vibrational fields. Vibrational energy is cycled...

electric dichroism spectroscopy

The use of a krypton laser system for the measurement of small molecules aligned by an electric field, by analyzing the absorption of linearly polarized light.

electric lamp

Any lamp whose emission of radiant energy is dependent upon the passage of an electrical current through the emissive medium.

electric quadrupole lens

A device that uses four electrodes set in an alternating positive-negative polarity series to focus the beams of charged particles employed in electron microscopes and particle accelerators.

electric stroboscope -> stroboscope

A device that produces brief flashes of light for observing the behavior of an object during a short interval. One of the most effective means for accomplishing this is a gaseous tube energized by...

electric vector

The electric field associated with an electromagnetic wave and thus with a lightwave. The electric vector specifies the direction and amplitude of this electric field.

electric-discharge lamp

A lamp that uses the transmission of an electric current through a gas or vapor to produce illumination. Neon, mercury and argon lamps are examples of electric-discharge lamps.

electrical length

Expression of the length of a transmission medium in terms of wavelengths of the propagating wavelength. In general, electrical length is an expression of physical length in wavelengths, radians or...

electro-optic deflection

The effect whereby a light beam is deflected by a birefringent prism when its polarization is changed by voltage applied to an electro-optical crystal through which the beam passes. The deflection of...

electro-optic deflector

An electro-optic deflector is a device that can change the direction of light beams using an electric field. It operates based on the electro-optic effect, which involves the modulation of the...

electro-optic detector

A device that detects radiation by utilizing the influence of light in forming an electrical signal. It may be a phototube; a photoconductive, photovoltaic or photojunction cell; a phototransistor;...

electro-optic effect

The change in the refractive index of a material under the influence of an electrical field.

Photonics Dictionary

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