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8,726 terms

Photonics Dictionary

dember effect -> photodiffusion effect

The potential difference between two areas of a semiconductor when one is exposed to light.

demultiplexing

Separating two or more signals that have been combined into one signal.

demux

demultiplexer

dense wavelength division multiplexing

Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is an optical communication technique used to increase the data-carrying capacity of optical fiber networks by simultaneously transmitting multiple...

densitometer

1. An instrument used to measure the opacity or density of dyes, pigments or dispersed particles that form an image in or on a medium, such as a photographic film. 2. A device used to measure the...

densitometry

The detection and analysis of the transmission and reflection properties of objects and photographic images.

density matrix formulation

The exact mathematical description of the interactions of matter and intense electromagnetic fields, such as those that occur when laser sources are used to excite flame gases for spectroscopic...

density -> optical density

A measure of the transmittance through an optical medium. Optical density equals the log to the base 10 of the reciprocal of the transmittance. where τλ is transmittance. In spectroscopy,...

depletion region

The region at the PN junction in a semiconductor radiation detector where the potential energies of the two materials create an energy barrier, which results in an electrical field that depletes the...

depolarizer

A device that obliterates the polarization of a polarized beam by reflecting the beam in all directions at right angles to its axis.

depth of convergence

A critical image parameter in applications where object position may change dynamically relative to the imager; this is a sensitive function of the system's preclosed loop (initial) focal range and...

depth of field

The distance, on either side of the object plane focused on, through which satisfactory image definition can be obtained. For the special case of an imaging system with lens axis perpindicular to the...

depth of focus

The range of image distances that corresponds to the range of object distances covered by the depth of field.

depth of range -> depth of convergence

depth perception

The direct appreciation of the distance between a given object and the observer, or between the front and back of a solid object. Real depth perception is achieved by the retinal disparity formed by...

DESC

Defense Electronics Supply Center

Descartes ray

The ray refracted by a sphere of transparent material that travels back as closely as possible to the original path formed by the incident ray.

design and engineering consulting services

Design and engineering consulting services refer to professional services provided by specialized firms or individuals to assist clients in various aspects of product development, system design, or...

Deslandres diagram

A diagram in which the variable frequencies of a spectral band system are plotted corresponding to ascending values of the quantum numbers of the upper and lower energy levels.

Destriau effect

Observed electroluminescence of zinc sulfide phosphors when excited by an electric field. This effect is the basis for the alternating-current phosphor panel technology.

destructive interference

The interaction of superimposed light from two separate sources that results in a combined intensity that is less than the sum of their individual intensities before they were superimposed.

detective quantum efficiency

The square of the ratio of the measured detectivity to the theoretical maximum detectivity.

detectivity

A measure of the sensitivity of a detector; the reciprocal of noise equivalent power (NEP). See D*.

detector

1. A device designed to convert the energy of incident radiation into another form for the determination of the presence of the radiation. The device may function by electrical, photographic or...

detector array

A detector array refers to a collection of individual detector elements arranged in a two-dimensional grid or matrix format. Each element within the array is capable of detecting electromagnetic...

detector noise-limited operation

In optical communication systems, operations in which the amplitude of the pulses, as opposed to their width, determines the distance between repeaters.

detector-Dewar assembly

A detector-Dewar assembly typically refers to a combination of a detector and a Dewar flask used in scientific instruments, particularly in the field of infrared spectroscopy or other applications...

detem

A device in which the functions of optical detector and emitter are combined.

DEU

display electronics unit

deuterated triglycine sulfate

A type of pyroelectric detector with favorable qualities of linearity, sensitivity and spectral responsivity used in FTIR detectors.

deuterium discharge lamp

A discharge lamp filled with deuterium to produce high-intensity ultraviolet radiation for use in spectroscopic analysis.

developer

A chemical solution that changes the silver salts (latent image) of exposed photographic film into black metallic silver (visual image).

devitrification

The process by which a vitreous or amorphous substance forms a crystal structure at a specified temperature.

DEW

directed energy weapon

Dewar vessel

An evacuated, double-walled container for storing liquids at low temperatures. Often made of glass, the vessel resembles a Thermos bottle.

dewetting

Dewetting is a phenomenon in materials science and physics where a thin film or coating spontaneously undergoes a process of breaking up and forming isolated droplets on a substrate. This occurs due...

dextrogyrate

Able to rotate the plane of polarization of a transmitted, plane-polarized light beam clockwise as seen by a viewer looking in the same direction as the traveling light. Also called dextrorotary; the...

DFB

distributed feedback

DFSM

dispersion-flattened single mode

DFT

discrete Fourier transform

diode gate

DGaO

Deutsche Gesellschaft für angewandte Optik (German Society for Applied Optics)

double heterostructure

DHE

dihematoporphyrin ether

diacaustic

A caustic formed by refraction.

dial

differential absorption lidar

dialyte

An airspaced achromatic doublet telescope objective.

dialytic telescope

A telescope that corrects dispersion and spherical aberration through the use of one or more lenses, usually smaller than the objective lens, that are positioned at a distance from the objective lens.

diam

diameter

diamond cutting tool

A tool made by imbedding small particles of diamond in the working edge. In the optical field, the most commonly used diamond tools are glass saws, cup-shaped tools for curve generators, and diamond...

Photonics Dictionary

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