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5,268 terms
Photonics Dictionary
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electrostrictive
A common form of high-precision, ceramic-based actuator capable of moving and measuring at the nanometer level.
electrowetting display
An electrowetting display (EWD) is a type of electronic display technology that utilizes the principles of electrowetting to control the behavior of colored oil droplets on a hydrophobic surface....
elevation angle
->
angle of elevation
The angle between an instrument's line of sight and a reference horizontal plane.
ellipsometer
A spectrometer equipped with polarizing prisms and retardation plates that is used in the analysis of elliptically polarized light, mostly in the study of thin, evaporated films.
ellipsometry
Ellipsometry is an optical technique used to characterize the properties of thin films and surfaces. It is based on the measurement of changes in the polarization state of light reflected or...
elliptical polarization
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polarization
Polarization refers to the orientation of oscillations in a transverse wave, such as light waves, radio waves, or other electromagnetic waves. In simpler terms, it describes the direction in which...
ellipticity
The quality of asymmetrical intensity distribution in a laser beam, as opposed to a circular distribution.
EM
electron microscope; electromagnetic; electromodulation
EMA
extramural absorption
embedded laser
The term "embedded laser" typically refers to a laser device that is integrated or embedded into a larger system or structure. In this context, "embedded" implies that the laser is an integral part...
embedded vision
Embedded vision refers to the integration of computer vision technologies into various embedded systems, devices, or machines. Computer vision involves teaching machines to interpret and understand...
EMD
equilibrium mode distribution
emission line
The line or lines emitted by an element when its radiation particles travel from one energy level to another.
emission microscope
A type of electron microscope in which the specimen also serves as the cathode source.
emission of sky
Thermal emission caused by the unity in absorption bands that must be discriminated when calculating radiation intensity of any celestial object.
emission spectroscopy
Emission spectroscopy is a technique used to study the emission of electromagnetic radiation (light) by atoms, molecules, or ions when they undergo transitions from excited states to lower energy...
emission spectrum
An emission spectrum is a graphical representation or a characteristic pattern of the wavelengths or frequencies of light emitted by a source, such as an atom, molecule, or celestial object. It shows...
emissive power
The emissivity of a body times the emissive power of a blackbody at the same temperature. For a blackbody, it is the total radiation per unit area of radiating surface.
emissivity correction matrix
A computer-generated routine for achieving true-temperature readings in thermal infrared imaging systems.
emissometry
The use of a material's emissivity to measure absorption. It is useful as an absorption loss measurement technique, since at thermal equilibrium, emittance is equal to absorptance.
emitter
A source of radiation.
emmetropia
The normal condition of vision where an object at infinity is in sharp focus with the eye lens in a neutral or relaxed state.
empty magnification
Magnification that is above the level of maximum useful magnification and does not contribute useful resolving power. In a visual telescope, empty magnification is any in excess of 20 D, where D =...
EMR
electromagnetic radiation
emulsion
In photography, the layer of light-sensitive material (usually a suspension of silver halide crystals) that coats the film or plate.
emulsion speed
The sensitivity of a photographic emulsion when exposed to light, provided that the film is developed through a standard process.
enantiomer
Enantiomers are a pair of molecules that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other, similar to left and right hands. They are stereoisomers, meaning they have the same molecular formula and...
enclosed arc lamp
An arc lamp whose carbon electrodes are enclosed in a transparent chamber, resulting in an arc that is steadier, lasts longer and emits more ultraviolet radiation.
enclosed laser device
A laser or laser system positioned within an enclosure to prevent dangerous optical radiation from leaving the enclosure.
encoder
->
optical encoder
A device designed to measure linear or rotary motion by detection of the movement of markings on a transparent medium past a fixed point of light. The encoder has a moving code plate, a glass disc...
end-fire coupling
End-fire coupling refers to a method of coupling energy into or out of a waveguide, transmission line, or antenna, where the electromagnetic waves are directed primarily along the axis or direction...
endoscope
An endoscope is a medical device used for visualizing and examining the interior of hollow organs, body cavities, or confined spaces within the body. It consists of a flexible or rigid tube equipped...
engram
A hologram produced by a pair of radiation beams, each carrying information.
enhanced Faraday effect
The occurrence of very large rotations in transparent materials at weak magnetic fields as predicted in the classical dispersion theory. This effect was discovered by Mavaluso and Corbino in 1898 in...
enhanced picture archiving and communication system display
Enhanced picture archiving and communication system (PACS) display (ePAD) is a software tool used in medical imaging to view, manipulate, and analyze radiological images, such as x-rays, CT scans,...
entrance slit
The entrance slit, also known simply as the slit, is an essential component in optical instruments such as spectrometers and monochromators. It is a narrow opening or aperture through which light...
envelope delay distortion
Distortion caused by variations in the rate of change of phase shift with frequency over the signal's necessary bandwidth.
environmental chamber
A test chamber designed to expose the subject being tested to external conditions, such as heat, shock, pressure and moisture, for the study of their effects.
environmental parameters
Potential hazards to a system's application and installation, including temperature variations, chemical reactivity, mechanical stress and moisture.
environmental range
The maximum to minimum range of temperature, pressure, humidity, vibration and biological conditions under which an optical component or system can function and be stored. The range required depends...
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a laboratory technique used to detect and measure the presence of specific substances, such as antibodies, antigens, proteins, hormones, or other...
EOID
electro-optic identification
EOS
Earth observation satellite; electro-optic system; European Optical Society
EPA
European Photonics Association; Environmental Protection Agency
ephemeris
A tabulation of predicted positions that have been calculated for one or more celestial bodies or orbiting satellites.
epifluorescence microscopy
Fluorescence imaging technique in which the excitation light from the objective is directed into the sample producing emission at all angles. Light emitted into the objective is measured allowing the...
episcope
->
opaque projector
An opaque projector is a device used for enlarging and projecting images from opaque objects such as printed pages, photographs, or three-dimensional objects onto a screen or surface. Unlike a...
epitaxial
Epitaxial refers to the growth of a crystalline layer on a crystalline substrate in such a way that the orientation of the crystal lattice of the growing layer is related to that of the substrate. In...
epitaxial deposition
Epitaxial deposition is a process used in semiconductor manufacturing and materials science to grow a thin crystalline layer, known as an epitaxial layer, on a substrate. The term epitaxial refers to...
epitaxial equipment
Epitaxial equipment refers to a set of specialized tools and systems used in the process of epitaxy, which is the growth of crystalline layers on a substrate material. Epitaxial growth is a critical...
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Photonics Dictionary
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