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8,236 terms
Photonics Dictionary
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CIE
Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage, the international commission on illumination.
CIE coordinates
->
chromaticity coordinates
Proportions of standard primaries (tristimulus values) required for a color match; ratios of each tristimulus value of a color to their sum. In the CIE colorimetric system, designated X, Y and Z.
CIE illuminant
Spectral power distribution representing a standard source of illumination, which may be real or hypothetical.
CIE observer
Hypothetical observer having standard color vision as described by standard color-matching properties.
CIE source
Standard light source representative of the quality of specified natural or artificial illumination.
CIE system
Methodology for specifying color based on the CIE sources, observers, and coordinate system.
CIG
computer image generation
CIM
computer input from microfilm; computer-integrated manufacturing
cine camera
A camera capable of making successive exposures on a continuous film driven by accurately spaced sprocket holes (a motion picture camera).
cine fluorography
The application of a cine camera in recording the images on a fluorescent screen. When x-rays are used to produce the screen images, this process is referred to as cine-radiography.
cinematography
The technique of making motion pictures.
cinemicrography
Cinematography performed with the use of a microscope to film the actions of microscopic specimens.
cineradiography
The photographic filming of the action of x-ray images recorded on a fluorescent screen by means of large lens apertures and highly sensitive filters.
cinesextant
An optical instrument used to track and image a test vehicle (target) throughout its flight. The cinesextant frequently includes multiple devices such as high-speed video and film cameras as well as...
cinetheodolite
->
phototheodolite
A camera equipped with angular scales in altitude and azimuth. The scale readings are imprinted on the film when an exposure is made. The exact point indicated by the scale readings is shown by...
CIP
cold isostatic pressing
CIPS
communications, information and processing services
CIRC
cross-interleaved Reed-Solomon code
circle of confusion
The image of a point source that appears as a circle of finite diameter because of defocusing or the aberrations inherent in an optical system.
circle of least confusion
Best point of focus for an image in a beam of light at the smallest cross section of the beam.
circle, aiming
->
aiming circle
An instrument designed to measure angles in azimuth; used in general topographic work and military gunnery.
circular birefringence
The optical phenomenon in which right circularly polarized light transmitted by an active medium travels at a different velocity than that of left circularly polarized light.
circular dichroism spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy used extensively in the analysis of biological samples. Because most biologically synthesized molecules, such as proteins, are optically active, circular dichroism spectroscopy...
circular dichroism
Circular dichroism (CD) is a spectroscopic technique used to study the structural characteristics of chiral (asymmetric) molecules, particularly biomolecules like proteins, nucleic acids, and certain...
circular scanning
Scanning characterized by the generation of a plane or right circular cone with a vertex angle of about 180° by the direction of maximum radiation.
circular variable filter
An optical interference coating, vacuum-deposited on a circular substrate, whose transmission characteristics may be varied by physical rotation.
circular-ranging optical coherence tomography
Circular-ranging optical coherence tomography (CR-OCT) is a specialized imaging technique used in medical diagnostics and research to obtain high-resolution cross-sectional images of biological...
circularly polarized light
A light beam whose electric vectors can be broken into two perpendicular elements that have equal amplitudes and that differ in phase by l/4 wavelength.
circulator
A passive device, having three or more ports, in which input light from one port is coupled only to the next sequential port in a given direction and is prevented from traveling in any other...
circumzenithal arc
The halo phenomenon of a brightly colored arc having the colors of the rainbow and lying parallel to the horizon.
CIS
compensated imaging system
CL
cathodoluminescence
cladding
The low-refractive-index material that surrounds the core of an optical fiber to contain core light while protecting against surface contaminant scattering. In all-glass fibers, the cladding is...
cladding glass
In fiber optics, the glass that is found around the glass core of the fiber, and that has a lower refractive index than the fiber.
cladding mode
A mode that is confined by virtue of a lower-index medium surrounding the cladding. Cladding modes, in the terminology of mode descriptors, are equivalent to cladding rays in the terminology of...
cladding mode stripper
A mechanism or device, especially a coating with a refractive index equal to or slightly greater than that of an optical fiber's cladding, that removes modes propagating through the cladding by...
cladding ray
A ray that is reflected into the core of an optical fiber from the outer surface of the cladding.
CLASP
closed-loop adaptive single parameter
classification duration
For a laser, the maximum exposure time that the laser design allows; 0.25 seconds for a Class 2 laser.
Clayden effect
The desensitization of the first photographic exposure after it has been subjected to high-intensity radiation.
cleaning equipment
In optics, degreasers or ultrasonic arrangements used for removing pitch, cement or polishing material from lenses during manufacture. It also may refer to manual cleaning devices used immediately...
cleanroom
An area in which airborne particulates can be monitored and controlled so that given size particles do not exceed a specified concentration, thereby eliminating potential dysfunctions in gyroscopes,...
clear aperture
The limited light-gathering area of an optical system. The area is normally restricted to an edge or outer surface of an individual component. Also known as free aperture or objective aperture. The...
clear eye distance
In a visual optical system, the axial distance from the last mechanical surface of the eyepiece to the exit pupil.
clear filter
->
compensating glass
Also known as clear glass or clear filter. The clear glass plate is used to simulate a filter, in converging or diverging light, to maintain focus.
cleared out
Denoting a finished circular edge. A decentered lens is adjusted on a centering chuck so that its image runs true, and the lens is then edged. A circular edge is one that has been cleared out....
clearing
Also called shining. Grinding and polishing one surface of a blank to permit a more thorough examination for quality.
cleavage planes
Naturally occurring planes in crystalline substances that provide easy points for separation.
CLEO
Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics
CLF
capacitive loss factor
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Photonics Dictionary
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