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8,726 terms

Photonics Dictionary

spectrohelioscope
An instrument similar to the spectroheliograph, but having a scanning method that is performed by a pair of rapidly oscillating slits or a rotating glass block located before a pair of fixed slits at...
spectrometer mask
A high-contrast transparency of the gas sought, or an array of exit slits that correlates with some features of the spectrum. No standardized formula for positioning, number or thickness has been...
spectrometer
A kind of spectrograph in which some form of detector, other than a photographic film, is used to measure the distribution of radiation in a particular wavelength region.
spectrometric analysis
The analysis of spectra and their components, determined from their measurements.
spectrometric oil analysis
An analytical technique used to determine, identify and localize impending malfunctions. It is based upon quantitative and qualitative measurement of submicroscopic particles suspended in lubricating...
spectrometry
The study and measurement of spectra and their components.
spectrophone technique
Gas detection measurement technique that uses a built-in capacitative microphone to calculate the amount of absorbed laser power in a gas cell according to variations of gas pressure.
spectrophotoelectric
Characteristic of the relationship between photoelectric activity and the wavelength of incident radiation.
spectrophotometer
A spectrophotometer is a scientific instrument used to measure the intensity of light at various wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum, typically in the visible and ultraviolet regions. It is...
spectrophotometric analysis
The detection and measurement of spectral reflectance, spectral transmittance or relative spectral emittance, relative to wavelength.
spectrophotometry
Study of the reflection or transmission properties of specimens as a function of wavelength.
spectropolarimeter
An instrument for plotting the rotatory dispersion of a substance at different wavelengths.
spectroradiometer
A spectroradiometer is a device used to measure the intensity of light at different wavelengths across the electromagnetic spectrum. It provides a detailed spectral distribution of light, breaking...
spectroreflectometer
A spectrophotometer specially designed to measure spectral reflectance.
spectroscope
In a general sense, any one of a class of instruments used to disperse radiation, visible or invisible, into its component wavelengths and for determining or measuring the resultant spectrum. In a...
spectroscopic binaries
Two stars so close together that they cannot be resolved by telescopes. They are proved to be double stars by the doubling of their spectral lines.
spectroscopic flash
The light flash, produced in flash photolysis, that is triggered within a second discharge tube by the third electrode. It is to be differentiated from the photolysis flash which is triggered within...
spectroscopic light source
A discharge tube filled with various gases and used as a source in spectroscopy.
spectroscopy
Spectroscopy is a technique used in the study of interactions between matter and electromagnetic radiation. It involves measuring and analyzing how different materials absorb, emit, or scatter light,...
spectroscopy laser systems
Spectroscopy laser systems are specialized setups that utilize lasers to study the interaction between light and matter. These systems are integral to various scientific and industrial applications...
spectrosensitometer
A sensitometer having a continuously controlled monochromator to measure spectral sensitivity and contrast of photographic materials.
spectrum
See optical spectrum; visible spectrum.
spectrum analyzer
A scanning device used to cyclically tune through a given frequency range to determine the amplitude-frequency distribution of the signals present, usually by displaying output on a chart or...
spectrum analyzers
In optics, spectrum analyzers are instruments used to analyze the spectral characteristics of light emitted or transmitted through optical components, materials, or systems. Spectral analysis:...
spectrum light source
A lamp that yields a nonluminous flame; used in the spectroscopic analysis of radiation emitted by a substance placed in the flame.
spectrum locus
On a chromaticity diagram, the line on which fall the chromaticities of the pure spectrum colors.
spectrum measuring instrument
A traveling microscope or an automatic microdensitometer used to measure the spectrum plate obtained in a spectrograph.
spectrum photography
The photographic recording of visible and ultraviolet spectra on an ordinary photograph.
specular -> specular reflection
Pertaining to the manner in which light is reflected, as by a mirror or speculum.
specular reflection
Pertaining to the manner in which light is reflected, as by a mirror or speculum.
specular reflector
A reflector that exhibits specular reflectance, producing a direct image of its source. Also known as regular reflectance.
specular transmission
See regular transmittance; the term specular is not properly applied to transmission.
spheric lens
A spheric lens, also known as a spherical lens, is a type of optical lens with at least one surface that is part of a sphere. This means that the lens surface is curved in a symmetrical manner,...
spherical aberration
Spherical aberration is an optical aberration that occurs when light rays passing through a lens or curved optical surface do not converge or diverge to a single focal point. Instead of focusing to a...
spherical gradient
In gradient index optics, a gradient profile in which the refractive index varies symmetrically about a point.
spherical microintegrated lens
A tiny lens (as small as 100 µm in diameter) used to focus light on charge-coupled devices, formed by heating a photosensitive material exposed through a mask, leaving a pattern of raised...
spherochromatism
A lens aberration. The chromatic variation of spherical aberration.
spherocylinder
A lens or lens surface that is a combination of a sphere and cylinder.
spherometer
An instrument for measuring the radius of curvature of a spherical lens or mirror surface. It may consist of a ring resting on the surface, with a micrometer plunger in the middle of the ring to...
SPI
single-photon ionization
spicule
A feature in the chromosphere of the sun formed by a jet of gas that reaches from the chromosphere into the corona and has the appearance of a brightly luminous spike.
SPIE
International Society for Optical Engineering
spike filter
A multilayer filter that passes only a narrow band of wavelengths.
SPIN
Acronym for self-aligned polysilicon interconnect N-channel. A metal-gate process that uses aluminum for the metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) gate electrode as well as for signal and power supply...
spin coating
Spin coating is a widely used technique in the fabrication of thin films and coatings, particularly in microelectronics, optoelectronics, and nanotechnology. It involves depositing a liquid precursor...
spin-flip Raman laser
A semiconductor laser that operates in the infrared and that is pumped with strong pulses of radiation from a second laser. Dependent on quantum-mechanical principles, it can be tuned over a large...
spin-spin coupling
Reciprocal magnetic interaction between nuclei in a molecular system facilitated by the binding electrons of the molecule.
spindle
A loose term for a single polishing machine. In a lens factory it is the minimum unit of production.
spinthariscope
A device through which scintillations are observed or counted through a magnifying lens system.
spiral
A defect in the cleaved end face of an optical fiber in which the surface changes abruptly.

Photonics Dictionary

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