PI Physik Instrumente - Microscope Stages LB ROS 11/24

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Meadowlark Optics - Wave Plates 6/24 MR 2024

Excelitas Technologies Corp. - X-Cite Vitae HP 11/24

8,726 terms

Photonics Dictionary

short-arc lamp

A compact high-pressure light source in which an electrical discharge between electrodes spaced no more than 12 mm apart occurs in a xenon or other gas medium, providing a visible light resembling a...

short-flash light source

An electronic flash tube in which the flash recurs at a frequency extending to many thousands per second. A stroboscopic light source is a short-flash light source.

short-focus lens -> wide-angle lens

A wide-angle lens is a type of camera lens that has a shorter focal length than a standard or normal lens, allowing it to capture a broader field of view. Wide-angle lenses are characterized by their...

short-wave pass filter

A filter that is transparent to shorter wavelengths, but opaque to longer wavelengths.

short-wave radiation

Characterizes the significant solar radiation at the surface of the earth, so named because its spectral range extends only from 0.3 to 2.8 µm.

shot noise

Noise generated by the random variations in the number and velocity of the electrons from an emitter.

shunt resistance

In a silicon photodiode, the dynamic resistance (dv/d1) of the junction at zero volts.

shutter

A mechanical or electronic device used to control the amount of time that a light-sensitive material is exposed to radiation.

shutter speed tester

A device used to measure the opening time of a shutter. The most common devices depend on the charging or discharging of an electrical condenser, or on the production of a curve of open area against...

Systeme Internationale d'Unites, the international metric system of units.

International System of Units; step index

SIC

semiconductor integrated circuit

SID

silicon imaging device; Society for Information Display

SIDE

suprathermal ion detector

side mode suppression ratio

The relation of power between center peak longitudinal mode with the nearest higher order mode.

side-lit cable

A type of fiber optic cable that emits light from its sides along its length.

sidereal time

Frequently used in astronomical measurement, it is based on the diurnal rotation of a star relative to the fixed stellar system.

siemens

The electric conductance of a conductor in which a current of 1 ampere is produced by an electric potential difference of 1 volt.

sign conventions

A convention that defines specific dimensions of an optical system, such as the image distance or radius of curvature of a lens or mirror, as negative or positive to facilitate calculations based on...

signal level

Calculation of peak and average transmission power at a given point along an optical fiber or cable.

signal period

Also referred to as the width of the dark pulse. This is the time interval between the instant the particle approaches the beam and the instant the particle leaves the beam.

signal-induced noise

Noise generated in the flow of current in the photomultiplier, produced by the intentional or controlled application of optical power to the photocathode.

signal-to-noise ratio

The ratio of the power in a desired signal to the undesirable noise present in the absence of a signal.

SILEX

semiconductor laser intersatellite link experiment

silica -> silicon dioxide

An abundant material found in the form of quartz and agate and as one of the major constituents of sand. The silicates of sodium, calcium, and other metals can be readily fused, and on cooling do not...

silicon -> optical-grade silicon

The element that resembles a lightweight metal, but when very pure, has a very high electrical resistance and is transparent to the infrared between about 0.5 and 15 µm.

silicon carbide light-emitting diodes

Silicon carbide (SiC) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are semiconductor devices that emit light when an electric current is applied to them. These LEDs are made using silicon carbide as the...

silicon cell

A solid-state device, composed of silicon, that is used to convert radiation into electrical energy.

silicon dioxide

silicon monoxide

A material used as a protective layer on an aluminized or silvered mirror. It is evaporated on the mirror as a thin layer, and after exposure to the air the monoxide tends to become silicon dioxide...

silicon photodiode

A silicon photodiode is a semiconductor device that converts light into an electrical current. It is a type of photodetector specifically designed for detecting and measuring light intensity. Silicon...

Silsbee effect

The ability of an electrical current to destroy superconductivity by means of the magnetic field generated by the current. The temperature of the material is not raised, and the effect is identical...

silver halide emulsion

An emulsion in which grains of the photosensitive material silver halide are deposited. Each grain, when exposed to light, either develops or fails to develop as a unit, leaving a dark or clear...

silver spots

Spots in a polished glass surface that are opaque and have a silvery, metallic reflection.

silver-disc pyrheliometer

An instrument that uses a blackened silver-disc reflector with a shutter to create temperature fluctuations that are proportional to the intensity of the solar radiation incident upon it. Using the...

SIMD

single-instruction/multiple-data

SIMOX

separation by implantation of oxygen

simple magnifier

A short focal length (less than five inches) positive lens used to produce a magnified image of the object being viewed. While a single element will function, an achromat or multielement assembly...

simplex

A fiber optic transmission system in which data can go in only a single direction.

SIMS

secondary ion mass spectrometry

simulated annealing -> global optimization

A controlled random search process, such as generalized simulated annealing, that has been incorporated into many optical design programs as a way of helping designers find the most suitable lens...

simultaneous dual field of view

A passive infrared system that uses two line-of-sight telescopes to generate both narrow and wide field-of-view images of the same target area, which can be presented on a single split screen or on...

simultaneous exposure and development

The process, used with a positive photoresist, in which the photoresist is immersed in developing chemicals while being exposed to the optical pattern. The newly exposed surface is continuously...

simultaneous location and mapping

Technology that uses data from an array of sensors, one of which is commonly lidar, to solve the problem of creating a map of an unknown environment while simultaneously maintaining a location within...

sin

sine of

sine wave object

An object that has a sinusoidal variation of luminance. Its image will have a sinusoidal variation of illuminance and the only effect of degeneration by the lens system will be to reduce the...

sine wave response -> modulation transfer function

Also called sine wave response and contrast transfer function. The modulation transfer function is the ratio of the modulation in the image to the modulation in the object as a function of frequency...

sine wave target

Bar pattern represented as a sine curve in which the light distribution varies in one direction.

sine wave testing chart

A test chart whose luminance changes uniformly in one direction according to a sinusoidal rule. These charts carry groups of black lines on a white ground, the intensity profile across the lines...

single attachment station

In a dual-ring local area network, a node that is connected only to the primary, active ring and not to the secondary ring that provides a backup in case of cable or system failure.

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