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8,289 terms
Photonics Dictionary
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ns x
Schrödinger's cat
Schrödinger's cat is a thought experiment devised by the physicist Erwin Schrödinger in 1935 to illustrate the paradoxical nature of quantum mechanics, particularly the concept of...
Schumann plate
A specific type of photographic plate designed with only a small amount of gelatin to function in the extreme ultraviolet and in positive-ray analysis.
scientific CMOS camera
A scientific CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) camera is a type of digital camera specifically designed for scientific imaging applications. It employs CMOS sensor technology, which...
scientific complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Scientific complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (sCMOS) refers to a type of image sensor technology specifically designed for scientific and industrial imaging applications. Unlike traditional...
scintillation
1. The variation in intensity of a light beam as it travels through the atmosphere. 2. In radiation physics, a light flash formed by an ionizing event in a phosphor; a flash formed when rapidly...
scintillation camera
A pinhole camera used to record a radioactive tracer's distribution in a subject by means of a scintillation counter or a fluorescent screen; used when a recording emulsion is not practical.
scintillation counter
An instrument designed to measure radiation indirectly through the use of several phosphors and a photomultiplier tube. The absorption of radiation by any phosphors results in light flashes that may...
scintillation crystal
A scintillation crystal, also known simply as a scintillator, is a material that emits light when it interacts with ionizing radiation such as gamma rays, x-rays, or charged particles. The emitted...
scintillation detector
A scintillation detector is a radiation detection device that utilizes scintillation crystals to detect and measure ionizing radiation, such as gamma rays, x-rays, or charged particles. It consists...
scintillation phosphor
A phosphor that has the ability to convert into light emission a portion of energy lost by ionization when a charged particle passes through the material.
scintillation spectrometry
The method of determining the energy distribution of high-speed charged particles by the luminous effect formed when the particles strike a material.
sclerometer
An instrument used to test the hardness of various materials. It measures the pressure on a standard point that is necessary to scratch the material.
SCM
scanning capacitance microscopy
sCMOS
scientific complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
SCN
satellite-control network
scopometer
A device used to take turbidimetric or nephelometric measurements by considering the contrast between a constant brightness field and an illuminated line positioned behind the solution being tested.
scoring
The cutting of pitch tooling surfaces by an optical technician to permit polishing compounds to flow across the surface of the tool.
scotopic vision
Vision by means of retinal rods; vision of the dark-adapted eye. In scotopic vision, the level of luminance is so low that the retinal cones are not stimulated, and there is no color vision.
scotoscope
An instrument that uses an image intensifier to aid in the viewing of subjects in low-light-level environments.
SCR
silicon controlled rectifier
scratch
A defect on a polished optical surface whose length is many times its width. Block reek is a chainlike scratch formed in polishing. A runner cut is a curved scratch caused by grinding. A sleek is a...
scratch resistant coating
Thin layers intended to prevent damage to plastic optics.
screen
The large, usually flat surface onto which an image is projected for viewing. May be reflecting or transmitting (rear projection).
scribing
The process of perforating a silicon or ceramic substrate with a series of tiny holes along which it will break. Nd:YAG or CO2 lasers are now routinely used.
SCSI
small computer standard interface
SCT
Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope
SDD
silicon drift detector
SDFOV
simultaneous dual field of view
SDH
synchronous digital highway; synchronous digital hierarchy
SDI
Strategic Defense Initiative
SDIO
Strategic Defense Initiative Organization
SDK
software development/developer's kit
SDM
space division multiplex
SEA
surface-emitting array
sealed-off
Describing a laser in which the gas is permanently sealed within the tube.
sec
secant of
SEC
secondary emission conductor; short external cavity
SECAM
Systeme Electronique Pour Colour Avec Memorie
second principal point
The principal point of a lens relative to image space.
second-harmonic generation microscopy
A nonlinear label-free imaging technique commonly used during surgical procedures for the visualization of collagen fibers and muscle tissue (myosin) with submillimeter resolution. During the...
second-harmonic generation
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical process that occurs when two photons with the same frequency combine within a nonlinear material, resulting in the generation of a new photon...
second-order nonlinear optical properties
Second-order nonlinear optical properties refer to a class of phenomena exhibited by certain materials in response to intense light, typically in the realm of optics and photonics. Nonlinear optical...
second-side meniscus
The process of grinding the convex surface of a convexo-concave meniscus.
second-side toric
The process of grinding the concave surface of a sphero-cylindrical lens.
second-window cable
Fiber optic cable that operates at the 1300-nm wavelength.
secondary axis
A line formed by the principal (center) ray of an oblique bundle of rays.
secondary bow
The indistinct rainbow that may sometimes be observed outside the distinct primary bow and that has its colors in opposite order. The red colors of both bows are toward each other.
secondary chromatic aberration
->
secondary color
An aberration that remains after primary color is corrected. Primary color causes the back focus of a lens to vary with wavelength; for example, blue light comes to focus closer to the lens than...
secondary color
An aberration that remains after primary color is corrected. Primary color causes the back focus of a lens to vary with wavelength; for example, blue light comes to focus closer to the lens than...
secondary emission photocell
->
photomultiplier tube
A photomultiplier tube (PMT) is a highly sensitive vacuum tube that detects and amplifies low levels of light. It is widely used in various applications where high sensitivity, fast response times,...
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Photonics Dictionary
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