Definition of quantum dot light-emitting diode

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Photonics Dictionary

quantum dot light-emitting diode: Quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) is a display technology that utilizes quantum dots, which are semiconductor nanocrystals, to produce vibrant and high-quality images. QLED displays are primarily used in televisions, computer monitors, and other electronic devices.

Here is how QLED technology works:

Quantum dots: Quantum dots are tiny semiconductor particles, typically made of cadmium selenide or other similar materials. These quantum dots can be precisely tuned to emit light at specific wavelengths determined by their size.

Backlighting: QLED displays typically use a traditional LED backlighting system. However, instead of using white LEDs, which are common in conventional LCD displays, QLEDs incorporate blue LEDs. The blue LEDs illuminate a layer of quantum dots placed in front of them.

Color conversion: When the blue LED backlight emits light, it passes through a layer of quantum dots. Each quantum dot absorbs this light and re-emits it at a specific wavelength determined by its size. By precisely controlling the size of the quantum dots, manufacturers can create quantum dots that emit red, green, or blue light.

Color mixing: The light emitted by the quantum dots combines to produce a full spectrum of colors. By adjusting the intensity of the blue backlight and the size distribution of the quantum dots, QLED displays can achieve a wide color gamut and high color accuracy.

QLED technology offers several advantages over traditional LCD displays, including improved color reproduction, higher brightness, and better energy efficiency. QLED displays are also known for their ability to maintain image quality over time, as quantum dots are more resistant to degradation compared to organic materials used in OLED displays. However, it's essential to note that QLED displays are not the same as OLED (organic light emitting diode) displays, which use organic compounds to emit light without the need for a backlight.

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