Definition of neuromorphic vision sensor

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Photonics Dictionary

neuromorphic vision sensor: A neuromorphic vision sensor is a type of imaging device designed to mimic the structure and functioning of the human visual system. Inspired by the biological principles of the human eye and brain, neuromorphic vision sensors aim to process visual information in a way that is more energy-efficient and biologically plausible compared to traditional digital imaging systems.

Key characteristics and concepts associated with neuromorphic vision sensors include:

Event-based sensing: Neuromorphic vision sensors operate on an event-based sensing principle, meaning they only capture and transmit visual information when there is a change in the scene or a significant event occurs. This stands in contrast to traditional frame-based imaging, where every pixel is read out at fixed intervals, regardless of whether there is any change in the scene.

Asynchronous operation: The sensors operate asynchronously, responding to changes in the environment in real-time. This mimics the operation of biological vision systems, where neurons fire in response to changes or stimuli.

Sparse data representation: Neuromorphic sensors typically transmit sparse data, providing information only about the changing or relevant parts of the visual scene. This leads to lower data bandwidth requirements and can be more power-efficient compared to constantly streaming high-resolution frames.

Low latency: The event-based and asynchronous nature of neuromorphic vision sensors allows for low-latency processing of visual information, making them suitable for applications that require quick responses.

Biologically-inspired processing: Neuromorphic vision sensors often include on-chip processing elements inspired by the neural processing in the human brain. This can involve edge detection, motion tracking, and other features to extract meaningful information from the visual input.

Applications: Neuromorphic vision sensors find applications in robotics, autonomous vehicles, surveillance, and other fields where quick and energy-efficient visual processing is essential. They excel in scenarios with dynamic environments and fast-moving objects.

By emulating the principles of biological vision systems, neuromorphic vision sensors contribute to the development of more efficient and adaptive visual sensing technologies, particularly in applications where real-time processing and low power consumption are crucial.

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