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Photonics Dictionary

inductance

Inductance is a fundamental property of an electrical circuit or component that describes its ability to store energy in a magnetic field when an electric current flows through it. It is typically represented by the symbol "L" and measured in units called henries (H).

When a current passes through a conductor, it generates a magnetic field around the conductor. Inductance arises when this magnetic field induces a voltage (or electromotive force) in the same conductor or in nearby conductors. The magnitude of the induced voltage is proportional to the rate of change of the current with respect to time, according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.

Inductance is particularly significant in circuits containing coils or inductors, which are components designed to exhibit a significant amount of inductance. In these components, such as solenoids or transformers, the magnetic field generated by the current induces a voltage across the coil or winding, which can affect the behavior of the circuit.

Inductance opposes changes in current flow, similar to inertia in mechanics. It tends to resist increases or decreases in current, storing energy in the magnetic field when current rises and releasing it when current falls. This property is fundamental in numerous electrical applications, including filters, transformers, motors, generators, and transmission lines.
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