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Photonics Dictionary

actinometer

An actinometer is a device used to measure the intensity of radiation, particularly solar radiation or light, often with a focus on its ability to cause photochemical reactions. Here are the key points about actinometers:

Measurement of radiation: Actinometers are designed to quantify the amount of radiation energy absorbed by a substance over a specific period. This measurement is crucial for understanding the effects of radiation on various materials and environments.

Types:

Chemical actinometers: These utilize chemical reactions that are sensitive to light or radiation. Common examples include solutions containing substances like ferrioxalate or potassium ferrioxalate, which change color upon exposure to light, allowing for quantification of radiation intensity.

Physical actinometers: These devices may use thermometers, bolometers, or other instruments to measure the heating effect or total energy absorbed from radiation.

Applications:

Photography: Actinometers were historically used in photography to measure light intensity for exposure calculations.

Solar energy: Used in solar energy research and development to measure the amount of sunlight reaching solar panels or collectors.

Environmental monitoring: Used in atmospheric science to measure UV radiation and its effects on ecosystems and human health.

Historical significance: Actinometers have played a critical role in the development of photochemistry and the understanding of light's effects on chemical reactions, particularly in early experiments exploring the nature of light and radiation.
 

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