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Photonics Dictionary

Fermi liquid state

The Fermi liquid state refers to a specific state of matter in quantum mechanics, particularly describing the behavior of interacting fermions (particles with half-integer spin, such as electrons) at low temperatures.

In a Fermi liquid state, fermions obey Fermi-Dirac statistics and interact weakly with each other. Despite these interactions, the system retains some key properties similar to a non-interacting Fermi gas at low temperatures: Particles near the Fermi surface behave like free particles; the system exhibits well-defined quasiparticles (excitations that behave like particles but are collective effects of the system); and transport properties such as electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity follow the predictions of Fermi liquid theory.

Fermi liquid theory provides a framework for understanding the collective behavior of electrons in metals and certain other materials under low-temperature conditions, playing a crucial role in condensed matter physics.
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