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EU Project Develops Lithium Niobate On Insulator Platform

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A recently concluded 42-month EU project, ELENA, has developed lithium niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) substrates for photonic integrated circuits (PICs). The development establishes a fully European supply chain for thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) technology. The €5 million ($5.7M) initiative brought together 10 partners across the PIC value chain from substrate innovation and photonic design to manufacturing, testing, and packaging.

TFLN is a material platform that enables high-performance PICs offering electro-optic, nonlinear optical, and acousto-optic properties. The advent of LNOI wafers allows micromachining of LN with high precision, integrating multiple optical functions within a footprint smaller than a fingertip.
The ELENA project has established a European supply chain for the development of lithium niobate-on-insulator technology. Courtesy of ELENA.
The ELENA project has established a European supply chain for the development of lithium niobate-on-insulator technology. Courtesy of ELENA.

The ecosystem for LNOI, however, has been constrained by a limited supply chain reliant on a single commercial supplier outside the EU, and the absence of a commercial foundry capable of producing TFLN photonic chips at scale. The ELENA project was established to address these gaps by establishing Europe’s first commercial LNOI wafer supply and laying the groundwork for a TFLN photonic chip foundry.

A cornerstone of the project is the creation of Europe's first open-acces LNOI photonic chip foundry at the Swiss Center for Electronics and Microtechnology's (CSEM) certified cleanroom facility. There, TFLN chips will be produced on 150-mm  optical grade LNOI wafers at industrial scale. As a result, CSEM, which coordinated the project, launched CCRAFT, a dedicated spinout to scale up production. 

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The availability of a production-grade photonic chip foundry, coupled with project members CEA-Leti and SOITEC's plans to commercialize LNOI wafers, also supports Europe's ability to manufacture the next generation of photonic chips across a broad range of markets and industries. 

To validate the platform, ELENA produced four demonstrator chips targeting high-impact sectors, including quantum, telecom, space, and lidar/sensing. 

Published: June 2025
Glossary
lithium niobate
A crystalline ferroelectric material used primarily as a substrate and an active medium for thin-film optical modulators and switches. It possesses very high electro-optic and piezoelectric coefficients. LiNbO3.
integrated photonics
Integrated photonics is a field of study and technology that involves the integration of optical components, such as lasers, modulators, detectors, and waveguides, on a single chip or substrate. The goal of integrated photonics is to miniaturize and consolidate optical elements in a manner similar to the integration of electronic components on a microchip in traditional integrated circuits. Key aspects of integrated photonics include: Miniaturization: Integrated photonics aims to...
Businessresearch & developmentmanufacturingindustrialphotonic chipsLNOI WafersOpticsElenaEuropean UnionEuropesuply chainlithium niobateMaterialsPICsintegrated photonicsthin film lithium niobateTFLNlithium niobate on insulatorfoundryCSEMCCRAFTWafers

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