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Photonics Spectra - March 2000
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Issue Library
Features
Photonics and Food: The Perfect Orange
In the real world, most citrus packers still inspect and grade fruit manually. Economic and technical considerations limit machine vision solutions at the component level. Thus, vision finds application only in large packing operations that are able to afford the installation of a completely new, fully integrated production line. Not so our hypothetical citrus packer, who exists not to express...
Photonics and Food: Vision Shouldn't Blur Your Beer
A couple of bottles of beer between friends may give rise to some colorful reflections on life. Reflection, however, can pose problems for machine vision in beer bottling and other inspection...
Photonics and Food: The Perfect Chocolate Chip Cookie
With advanced camera technology, faster processors and robust software, machine vision not only helps automate cookie production, but also can help soften the stamp of a factory line to produce a...
Photonics and Food: From Corn to Cupcakes
Photonics goes to work before the corn even begins to grow. For example, Dicky-john Corp., a farm equipment supplier in Auburn, Ill., makes an LED-based sensor that lets corn farmers know how many...
Small Displays Loom Large
A wearable display could replace a laptop computer screen or serve as a mobile Internet browser, offering privacy, portability and hands-free operation. Although these and many other wearable display...
News Flash: Rekindled Waco Debate Prompts IR Test
The Branch Davidian compound near Waco, Texas, burned to the ground on April 19, 1993, marking the end of a 51-day standoff between members of the religious group and federal officials. What began as...
Technology Close-Up: Micromirrors Relieve Communications Bottlenecks
Information is the lifeblood of global commerce in the 21st century, and networks are its veins and arteries. But even the highest-capacity optical networks are subject to "thromboses" -- bottlenecks...
Tech Pulse
Aircraft Prepared for Antimissile Laser
Over the next 18 months, a 747-400 freighter aircraft in Wichita, Kan., will be modified to destroy ballistic missiles in their boost phase at a range of hundreds of miles. The freighter, built by...
Artificial Vision Lets Blind See
NEW YORK -- After more than 25 years of total blindness, a 62-year-old retired state worker can discern shapes in black and white, thanks to an artificial vision device developed at the Dobelle...
Fluorescence Gets Easier to Measure
BALTIMORE -- Measurements of fluorescence lifetimes provide important information about fluorophores that is not available from simple intensity measurements. Lifetimes in the nanosecond range...
Near-IR Diodes Help Make Gas-Trace Measurement Faster
MUNICH, Germany -- In our everyday lives, we all are exposed to "BTX" -- air pollutants that are found at gas stations, at workplaces or on roads. BTX stands for benzene, toluene and xylene, three...
Porous Gold Nanostructures Perform Light Tricks
NEWARK, Del. -- The optical properties of a newly developed nanoporous gold material with long-range periodicity may generate several photonic applications. This material is prepared by packing...
Rapid Spectral Imaging Determines Grapes’ Ripeness
PITTSBURGH -- In the long history of winemaking, determining when to harvest the grapes has been a task marked as much by guesswork as by skill. The conventional means to gauge ripeness involves...
Lidar Technique Refines Aerosol Data
Measuring the impact of man-made aerosols on global climate change may become a little more accurate, thanks to a new device termed a 180° backscatter nephelometer. The device, developed by Theodore...
Mode-Locked Laser Tackles Raman Spectroscopy
AUSTIN, Texas -- Researchers at the University of Texas have taken the first steps toward developing a rugged Raman spectrometer based on a high-power laser diode -- steps that may lead to a device...
Nakamura’s Diodes Display True Blue Emission
Researchers from Nichia Corp. in Anan, Japan, including the company’s former head of research and development Shuji Nakamura, reported that they have produced 450-nm laser diodes....
Nanocrystals Outshine Laser Dyes
JERUSALEM -- Semiconductor nanocrystals fabricated at Hebrew University produce a bright fluorescence radiation that can be size-tuned to the near-infrared. Chemists Uri Banin and Yun-Wie Cao’s...
Optical Systems Created with Microlenses
A research team from the Universität Mannheim in Germany has produced micro-objectives with a large numerical aperture by stacking gradient-index microlenses. The results, which were published...
Interferometer Modified for Orbit
An improved mount for a Fabry-Perot interferometer promises to reduce distortion in the etalon and eliminate finesse degradation from launch vibration. The mount, which will be incorporated into a...
Organic Material Offers Fast Response
YOKOHAMA, Japan -- Because of their low cost and good manufacturability, organic photoconductors play an increasing role in xerographic applications and as the carrier transport layer in...
Two Lasers Pump Atoms Through Nanotubes
EAST LANSING, Mich. -- Scanning tunneling microscopes can deposit individual atoms on surfaces, enabling researchers to study and modify nanostructures. Such microscopes do not have continuous...
Mini-Robot Helps Keep Mission on Track
MOUNTAIN VIEW, Calif. -- Even while orbiting high above the atmosphere in the International Space Station, astronauts will work under the watchful eyes of ground-based investigators. A...
Thin Films Yield High-Efficiency Solar Cell
A polycrystalline photovoltaic cell described in the October 1999 issue of Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications exhibits an efficiency of 12.8 percent. Its developers, a team of...
Researchers Seek Superconduction Secrets
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, a tool that helped define semiconductor physics, is still proving useful to scientists working to explain the physics behind high-temperature...
Laser Used for Sensitive Trace Analysis
ARGONNE, Ill. -- Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have demonstrated an ultrasensitive trace analysis technique based on magneto-optical trapping that can measure the isotopic ratio of...
light speed
Corning Will Produce Window on the World
Corning Inc. of Corning, N.Y., the sole provider of windows for the US portion of the International Space Station, will supply a 21-in.-diameter window for the US laboratory module Destiny. The window will enable global monitoring projects under NASA’s Earth Science program, which seeks to construct a holistic model of the ecosystem. The science window will comprise a mount, three fused...
Full-Field Exposure System Ordered for R&D
Austin, Texas-based International Sematech, a nonprofit R&D consortium of 13 semiconductor manufacturers, announced that it has ordered a 193-nm full-field exposure system from Silicon Valley...
Light Shines on Global Plankton Research
SANTA BARBARA, Calif. -- Despite a disconcerting setback, scientists are still working to compile global maps of plankton that glow in the dark. Four Ukrainian marine biologists, free-lancing for the...
Photonics Program Invites Proposals
The Colorado Photonics & Optoelectronics Program has announced that it is reviewing proposals for exploratory projects. The program provides seed grants for research that encourages collaboration...
Rivals Surge When Competitors Merge
COLUMBUS, Ohio -- It’s likely that each time deep-pocketed Lucent Technologies, JDS Uniphase Corp. or Corning Inc. buys a supplier, other companies benefit. A new study explains why more than...
Schools to Track International Students
WASHINGTON -- The US Immigration and Naturalization Service plans to begin charging international students for the costs of an electronic data transfer system that will process and track their status...
Standards to Monitor Customer Satisfaction
GENEVA -- Customer accountability and continuous improvement are two major areas addressed in the latest round of revisions to the International Standards Organization 9000 quality management system....
Submarine Network Is Under Way
Tyco Submarine Systems Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of Tyco International Ltd. of Hamilton, Bermuda, has begun construction of an undersea fiber telecommunications network. The system, which is to...
Thermo Electron to Reorganize
The board of directors at Thermo Electron Corp. of Waltham, Mass., has approved a one-year plan that will split the company into three independent public entities. The plan includes a divestiture of...
’31 Whiskey’ Means Civilian Jobs
NEW YORK -- Ask any photonics CEO, and he or she will tell you that good managers, engineers and technicians are in strong demand in today’s hot high-tech job market. And just where do you look...
Kodak Selling Image Sensors as Components
ROCHESTER, N.Y. -- Eastman Kodak Co. is now selling its Blue Plus Color charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensors to manufacturers of digital cameras and other imaging devices. According to Kodak,...
Accent on Applications
Surveillance Cameras Watch over Cab Drivers
Houston is becoming a safer place for taxi drivers, thanks to onboard surveillance cameras from Raywood Communications, headquartered in Melbourne, Australia. Mark Ward, business development manager...
Microspectrometer Is a Diamond's Best Friend
Along with weight, clarity and cut, a diamond's value is linked to its color. A D-grade stone -- the most valuable -- is almost perfectly white. Add a faint tinge of yellow, and a diamond's grade...
New Mirror for Old ’Scope Revives Neglected Technology
The restoration of a 150-year-old telescope at an Irish castle may help bring back a largely forgotten way to see the stars. Consequently, tomorrow’s professional observatories may use...
Raman Microscope Hits the Spot
Seeing spots? It may not be your vision. It may be the image quality of your ink-jet printer. Spot size and density determine how sharp printed images appear. To improve both the speed and quality of...
Presstime Bulletin
Optical Networking Alliance Formed
PerkinElmer Inc. (formerly EG&G Inc.) of Wellesley, Mass., and Bragg Photonics Inc. of Montreal announced that they will jointly develop integrated fiber optic products and solutions for the...
Coherent Establishes Telecom Unit
Santa Clara, Calif.-based Coherent Inc. announced that it has formed a telecommunications business unit to manage the company’s strategies in the market. The unit will coordinate the efforts of...
Cooling Moves Beyond Optical Molasses
Physicists at Stanford University in Stanford, Calif., reported the 3-D degenerate Raman sideband cooling of cesium atoms to 290 nK and a phase-space density nearly three orders of magnitude higher...
Lucent Technologies to Purchase Ortel
Lucent Technologies of Murray Hill, N.J., has announced plans to acquire Ortel Corp. of Alhambra, Calif., in a deal that has an estimated value of $2.95 billion. Shareholders will receive 3.135...
Nanovation Funds Creation of Photonics Research Facility at MIT
Miami-based Nanovation Technologies Inc. and the Microphotonics Center at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge announced that the company has agreed to donate $90 million over...
Artist Donates Schott Glass Sculpture
Christopher Ries, artist-in-residence at Schott Glass Technologies Inc. in Duryea, Pa., donated his 1988 work Sail to the University of Central Florida’s school of optics in Orlando. The...
Products
HIGH-SPEED GATED PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBES
The H7680 series of gated photomultiplier tube (PMT) units from Hamamatsu Corp. have a spectral response from 300 to 650 nm with the wavelength of the maximum response at 420 nm. The units feature a repetition rate of 100 kHz, 107 minimum switching ratio, 20-ns rise/fall time of the gate and 25-mm-diameter photocathode effective area. Gate pulse width is 30 ns for the H7680-01 and 100 ns for the...
Hamamatsu Corporation
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OE-EO CONVERTER
Noah Industries Inc. has unveiled a fiber optic optical-to-electrical (OE) and electrical-to-optical (EO) converter suitable for high-speed data communications, ATM/SONET/SDH applications and...
Noah Industries Inc.
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FIBER OPTIC EPOXY
AngstromBond AB9001 MT is a thixotropic epoxy that yields high bond strength to glass, ceramic, metals and plastics. Fiber Optic Center Inc. designed the two-part curing adhesive for use in MT and...
Fiber Optic Center Inc.
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ANALOG CAMERAS
The XC-ST50 and XC-ST30 analog cameras are suitable for industrial imaging applications in machine vision where space is limited. The two cameras from Sony Electronics' Broadcast & Professional...
Sony Electronics Inc., Visual Imaging Products Group
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VIDEO MONITORS
Toshiba Imaging Video Product Group says its two new color monitors have better picture quality and greater ease-of-use than previous-generation monitors. The CM-1910A 19-in. and CM-1310A 13-in....
CANON MEDICAL COMPONENTS U.S.A., Video Sensing Devices
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CAMERA-BASED SENSOR
The PresencePlus is a pixel-counting sensor comprising a 512 x 384 CMOS pixel array, programmable microprocessor, controller, lens, lighting, mounting bracket and cable. Banner Engineering Corp.'s...
Banner Engineering Corp.
STAND-ALONE MACHINE VISION SENSOR
The In-Sight 2000 industrial machine vision sensor requires no programming and no PC. It uses a spreadsheet interface for configuring vision applications. Cognex Corp. designed the system with a...
Cognex Corp.
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VIDEO CAMERA
A high-speed video camera that captures color images at 4500 fps or 40,500 segmented frames per second is available from Photron USA. The Fastcam-Spectra/UV offers simultaneous video recording of up...
Photron USA Inc.
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CURING IN 3-D
Lighthouse VL curing systems were designed specifically for UV curing of liquid and powder coatings on 3-D objects. They are available from UV Process Supply in custom arc lengths and in shuttered or...
UV Process Supply Inc.
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TEMPERATURE CONTROL
The LDC-3916550 dual temperature control module available from ILX Lightwave Corp. enables the LDC-3916 multichannel controller to load up to 32 independent channels of thermoelectric control in one...
Newport - ILX Lightwave, Photonics
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ABLATION SOFTWARE
DigiLaz software for the LSX-2000 laser ablation system has been introduced by Cetac Technologies. The package provides dual modes of operation for manual drawing or for instant sample tracing on the...
Teledyne CETAC Technologies
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LASER ERROR MAPPING
The 6-D HP laser measuring system from Automated Precision Inc. simultaneously maps six possible positioning errors of a coordinate measurement machine and other metrology instruments. The system...
Automated Precision Inc. (API)
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POSITION MEASUREMENT
The LPM series of laser position monitors from Laser Components GmbH determines the position of an object perpendicular to the laser beam with a possible resolution of 1 µm. The transmitter and...
Laser Components Germany GmbH
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HIGH-POWER LEDs
LEDs offered by Roithner Lasertechnik GmbH for illuminating CCD cameras, far-distance optical remote controls, optical communications systems and industrial measurement systems have an expected...
Roithner Lasertechnik GmbH
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RED PULSE MODULES
Berkeley Nucleonics Corp. has introduced its model 065 optical pulse generator module for applications that require calibrated red optical sources. The instrument delivers 10 mW of pulsed or...
Berkeley Nucleonics Corporation
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ANALOG INTERFACE BOARDS
Piezosystem jena GmbH offers its EDA 2 and EDA 3 smart interface boards for the computer control of analog devices. A programmable RS-232 or IEEE-2 interface and Lab- View-based driver ease...
piezosystem jena GmbH
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PHOTON COUNTING
The P7886E from Fast ComTec GmbH can count ions or photons at burst rates of up to 500 million/s. It has 2-ns time resolution over the entire time range and stores data at 500 MHz without loss of...
Fast ComTec GmbH
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TUBE COLLIMATORS
Optical Surfaces Ltd. has released tube-mounted off-axis collimators that eliminate the precise alignment usually required by such mirrors. Each collimator comprises an aluminum tube with matte black...
Optical Surfaces Ltd.
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TELECENTRIC VIDEO LENS
Edmund Industrial Optics has introduced a telecentric video lens that features a working distance of 125 to 150 mm, so images are dimensionally accurate over a 25-mm range of focal points. The...
Edmund Optics Inc.
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ZOOM BEAM EXPANDER
The motorized zoom beam expander from Special Optics is a PC-compatible lens system for varying spot sizes in laser scanning systems, zoom imaging and lab research. Fused silica input groups and a...
Special Optics Inc.
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LEAD SCREW POSITIONER
A Posi-Drive stage 1.650 in. high and 1.750 in. long has been released by Del-Tron Precision Inc. This stage has a 0.250-in.-diameter lead screw, an antibacklash nut and a flexible zero-backlash...
Del-Tron Precision Inc.
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CONFOCAL MICROSCOPE
The PCM 2000 personal laser scanning confocal microscopy system has new capabilities and flexibility, according to its manufacturer, Nikon Inc. Simultaneous three-channel confocal fluorescence is...
Nikon Instruments Inc.
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FLUORESCENCE DECAY
PicoQuant GmbH offers FluoFit, its multiexponential fluorescence decay fit software for Windows 95/98 and NT. FluoFit implements an iterative reconvolution of the instrument's response and the...
PicoQuant GmbH
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LINE-SCAN INSPECTION
A line-scan inspection system unveiled by Wintriss Engineering Corp. provides real-time flaw mapping, flaw image display, web imaging, trend analysis and report generation at up to 40 million pixels...
Wintriss Engineering Corp.
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DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Data acquired by the Landsat 7 satellite is compatible with PCI Geomatics' OrthoEngine version 6.3 software for photogrammetry and with ImageWorks version 6.3 software for remote sensing...
PCI Geomatics
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PORTABLE SPECTROSCOPY
Control Development Inc. has introduced a portable spectroscopy system that is fully integrated in a lunch-box-style computer. Spectral coverage is available from 180 to 2200 nm, and silicon and...
Control Development Inc.
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SPECTROPHOTOMETER
A portable UV-VIS-NIR diode array spectrophotometer from Optical Solutions Inc. allows evaluation of process analytical applications at any plant site to determine the analytical feasibility of...
Synopsys Inc., Optical Solutions Group
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