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Photonics Dictionary: L

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liquid crystal on silicon

Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) is a display technology that combines liquid crystal materials with silicon-based semiconductor technology to create high-resolution, high-quality images. LCoS...

liquid filter

A solution or combination of solutions that serves as a filter.

liquid gate

An immersion liquid used to treat polarizing filters to eliminate the effects of surface variations and to minimize the optical path difference between that part of the spectrum that passes through...

liquid laser

A laser that uses a substance in the liquid state, such as an organic dye, as the active lasing medium.

liquid lightguide

An optical fiber with a hollow core filled with a liquid material that has a higher refractive index than the solid surrounding it.

liquid marble

Liquid marble refers to a unique form of microscale liquid encapsulation, where small droplets of liquid are coated with a fine layer of hydrophobic powder, such as silica nanoparticles or Teflon....

liquid mirror

A mirror composed of liquid, taking advantage of the parabolic shape of a spinning liquid and the fact that the mirror's focal length can be adjusted by altering the velocity at which the liquid's...

liquid-phase epitaxy -> epitaxy

A well controlled thin films technique for growing films with good crystal structure in ultra high vacuum environments at very low deposition rates. Epitaxy methods are well known for the growing of...

liquid-surface holography

The acoustical holographic process in which the hologram consists of slight elevations in a liquid surface, in the areas of the antinodes of the interference pattern. Light diffracted from this...

LIS

laser isotope separation

Lissajous pattern

The pattern, formed by a character generation cathode-ray tube system, in which the characters are made up of wave shapes synthesized by a series of sine and cosine terms.

lithium fluoride

A crystal often used for windows and refracting components in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared. Characteristically, this form has excellent transmission from 0.14 to 6.0 µm.

lithium niobate

A crystalline ferroelectric material used primarily as a substrate and an active medium for thin-film optical modulators and switches. It possesses very high electro-optic and piezoelectric...

lithography

Lithography is a key process used in microfabrication and semiconductor manufacturing to create intricate patterns on the surface of substrates, typically silicon wafers. It involves the transfer of...

Littrow prism

A 30-60-90° spectrograph prism that is coated on the surface opposite the 60° angle with a reflecting film.

Littrow spectrograph

A spectrograph using a prism that has an internally reflecting surface and that serves as a constant deviation prism.

LLDPE

linear low-density polyethylene

LLL

low light level

LLLTV

low-light-level television

Lloyd's mirror

A mirror employed with a very high incidence angle to form a pair of coherent light sources by reflection, and therefore forming interference bands.

LLR

lunar laser ranging

lumen

lm/s

lumens per second

LMJ

laser megajoule

LMR

laser magnetic resonance

logarithm to the base e

LN (LN₂)

liquid nitrogen

LNA

launch numerical aperture; low-noise amplifier

longitudinal optical; local oscillator

LOA

laser optoacoustic

LOC

large optical cavity

local area network

Data communications network in a clearly defined geographical location, and extending no more than a few miles in length. It generally takes in an office building or group of buildings, a campus or...

local injection detection system

A device used to evaluate the quality of fiber optic splices made in the field by injecting light into the cladding of the fiber and measuring the output at the other end of the splice.

local oscillator laser

In coherent optical communications systems, a laser used at the receiving end to produce a steady wave that is combined with the incoming laser signal before detection, generating a composite wave...

lock-in amplifier

A lock-in amplifier is a specialized electronic instrument used to extract and measure small signals embedded in noise or interference. It is particularly useful in fields such as spectroscopy,...

LOCLED

low-operating-current light-emitting diode

log

logarithm to the base 10

log converter

A device designed to convert linear change in the light state at input to log data at output.

logarithmic transformation

One class of nonlinear space-invariant transformation processes used for processing convolved and multiplied signals.

logic circuit

A computer circuit that supplies the action of problem-solving functions or operations.

logic diagram

A diagram that uses special symbols called logic symbols to represent the detailed functioning of electronic logic circuits. The symbols do not represent the type of electronics used, but only their...

logic-to-light device

A fiber optic component or system designed in such a way that it can be operated by people without specialized knowledge of the field.

LOM

laminated object manufacturing

LOMO

Leningrad Optical Mechanical Organization

London equations

The partial differential equations for the spatial and time dependence of electric and magnetic fields inside a semiconductor. They are the analog of Maxwell's equations, which apply to the electric...

long-pass filter

A long-pass filter is an optical filter that allows longer wavelengths of light to pass through while blocking or attenuating shorter wavelengths. These filters are designed to transmit light with a...

long-path absorption spectroscopy

The method that, by measuring the absorption along an atmospheric path at wavelengths ranging from two to a continuum, can determine pollution concentrations of gases.

long-wave infrared

Long-wave infrared (LWIR) refers to a specific range of the infrared spectrum. Infrared radiation is divided into three main categories based on wavelength: near-infrared (NIR), mid-wave infrared...

long-wave pass filter

A filter that is transparent to longer wavelengths but opaque to shorter wavelengths.

long-wavelength system

In fiber optic communications systems, generally one that operates between 1000 and 1700 nm.

Photonics DictionaryL

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